User:MathKnight/Gothic

Gothic Architecture - by MathKnight Gothic Israeli Jew

This page is dedicated to Gothic architecture and Gothic Revival (Neo-Gothic) architecture, the most maginificent, daring and beautiful architectural style ever invented by mankind. It includes introduction, pictures' gallery, illustrated glossary and links.

דף זה מוקדש לאדךיכלות הגותית ואדךיכלות התחייה הגותית, שני סגנונות אלה הם סגנונות הבנייה הנ׀לאים, הנועזים והי׀ים ביותך

הוא כולל הקדמה, גלךיית תמונות נבחךות, מילון מונחים מאוי׹ וקישוךים חישוניים

Introduction

French Gothic architecture including Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral, Notre-Dame de Paris, Chartres Cathedral, Reims Cathedral, Beauvais Cathedral and Sainte Chapelle.
Cologne Cathedral, Rayonnant Gothic style.
Duomo di Milano - one of the largest Gothic cathedrals

The Gothic architecture is considered as the summit of men's ability to build from stone and I agree. The Gothic cathedrals were large-scale projects blessed not only in grand and tall measures but also with a richness of ornamentations, both in artworks proper (stained-glass windows, Gothic sculpture, tracery, stone carving etc) and both in architectural elements that served both as decorations and as a support to the grand structure. The Gothic cathedral meant to symbolize heavenly Jerusalem and for that it was built in large scale, as a structure striving towards the sky, with pointy spires that scrap the sky and high vaulted naves that make men fill insignificant versus the power of God. The vicinity of the church was full of mystical light, thanks to the large stained-glass windows which depict in various colors stories from the Bible. So, the Gothic architecture combines between loft and slim structure to a space full of light, and delicate beautiful stonework and does it with rare talent and splendor. It combines vision with dedicated work of hundreds of craftsmen to create architectural perfection in which every part supports the grand whole. There is no doubt that Gothic (and neo-Gothic) structures are masterpieces of architecture, engineering and art.

The Gothic architecture was born in Medieval France during the middle 12th-century and reached it peak during the 13th-century, then the great cathedrals of Paris, Chartres, Reims, Amiens and Bourges were built, along with dozens cathedrals in other towns and provinces in France. The Gothic architecture spread to England, Germany, The Holy Roman Empire, Spain, center and northern Europe, and even to Italy, each giving local variations to the French Gothic style.

The Gothic architecture decayed during the 16th-century and was deserted for the Baroque architecture, although it somehow survived in France and England also during the 17th-century. During the 18th and 19th centuries the Gothic architecture again gained favor, due to the Romanticism and so Gothic Revival (Neo-Gothic architecture) was born. Many cathedrals, churches and structures were renovated, completed and restored during that period, including Cologne cathedral (Kölner Dom), Prague's St. Vitus Cathedral, Ulm mÌnster, Regensburg Dom and Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral. The Gothic Revival gave new meaning to Gothic architecture and interpreted it as triumph of spirit over matter, a monument that celebrates the divine, the heavenly and the unnatural, as a feat of engineering and art, as a testimony to men's skill and talent and as a mysterious structures with halo of the religious and mystical past, and as a masterpiece in which the whole bigger than the sum of its parts and each element contributes to the splendor and beauty of the structure.

I started to love Gothic architecture in the year 2000, then I was a high-school student and visited Italy. There I saw grand and beautiful cathedrals (Duomo di Sienna, Santa Maria del Fiore, and of course, the Duomo di Milano - the spectacular Gothic cathedral with its forest of pinnacles, one of the largest and most beautiful cathedrals in the world) that were built in Gothic style (Italian Gothic with tendency for the Renaissance, but still Gothic in some manner). When I was younger I visited Notre-Dame de Paris. The characteristics of Gothic architecture, that merged well with the Romantic interpretation (The Romantic Movement of the 19th-century, that gave birth to Gothic Revival and Gothic Literature) of the Gothic as a strive towards heaven, for the spiritsness, for virtue and combining the Grotesque with the sublime (the Gargoyles and the Chimeras that frightened the people used to serve as water drains and guarded the cathedral from evil spirits) and on the opposite - the accepetance of the sad, the gloomy, the dark and the morbid without fear of the ugly and the sad (do you think sadness is evil?). Beside of these values, the Gothic structures are beautiful, marvelous and magnificent in an unusual manner, as you have seen (or will see) in the Gothic Gallery.

Gothic and Neo-Gothic architecture are the summit of human architecture and craftsmanship and undoubtly my favorite styles. The Gothic spirit, together with modern engineering and technology can bring new heights of architecture, enginnering and art that combine the best of French High & Rayonnant Gothic and German Flamboyant spires with Romantic interpretation and a loving artist hand. One of my dreams is to build a Synagogue in Gothic style, which would be the largest and tallest religious structure in the world.

With pleasure,
MathKnight Gothic Israeli Jew

Gothic edifices

Cologne Cathedral

Kölner Dom - Hohe Domkirche St. Peter und Maria - Cologne Cathedral

קתדךלת קלן (בגךמנית: ) היא קתדךלה גותית קתולית בעיך קלן, המשמשת כמקום מושבו של האךכיבישוף של קלן. הקתדךלה, החולשת על קו הךקיע של קלן אשך בג׹מניה, נחשבת לסמלה של העיך והיא אחד המבנים הידועים ביותך בג׹מניה. הקתדךלה ני׊בת בלב העיך העתיקה בקלן, כ-300 מט׹ים מעךבית לנה׹ ׹יין, בין תחנת הךכבת המךכזית של קלן מ׊׀ון, המוזיאון ה׹ומי-ג׹מאני (Römisch-Germanisches Museum) וכיכ׹ ׹ונקלי (Roncalliplatz) מד׹ום, ומוזיאון לודוויג ממז׹ח.

הקתדךלה מוכךזת כאתך מוךשת עולמית מאז שנת 1996, והמבנה תואך על ידי א׹גון אונסק"ו כ"עבודה יו׊את דו׀ן של גאונות י׊יךתית אנושית"‏‏. הן בשל גודלה, הן בשל האדךיכלות שלה והן בשל או׊ךות האמנות שבה, הקתדךלה של קלן נחשבת לאחת הקתדךלות החשובות והידועות באיךו׀ה. היא מו׀יעה על מס׀ך בולי דוא׹ שהנ׀יקה ג׹מניה‏‏ והיא אתך תייךות ׀ו׀ולךי המושך מיליוני מבק׹ים מדי שנה.

הקתדךלה, שנבנתה בסגנון גותי החל בשנת 1248 והושלמה בסגנון התחייה הגותית ב-1880, היא אחת הקתדךלות הגדולות בעולם והכנסייה הגדולה ביותך ב׊׀ון איךו׀ה. גובה הש׹יחים המחודדים שבחזית המבנה הוא 157 מט׹ים, והבניין היה הגבוה ביותך בעולם בין השנים 1880-1890, עד אשך איבד את התואך לש׹יח הכנסייה של המינסטך של אולם. עד היום קתדךלת קלן היא המבנה הגותי השני בגובהו בעולם. היא בעלת חזית הכנסייה הגדולה בעולם ובעלת הקמךונות מהגבוהים בעולם (אך לא הגבוהים ביותך): גובהם 46 מט׹ בבית המקהלה‏‏, ו-43.35 מט׹ בס׀ינה הךאשית. בית המקהלה שלה מחזיק גם ביחס הגדול ביותך בין גובה ל׹וחב: 3.6:1, נתון שעלה א׀ילו על זה של קתדךלת בובה. מלבד גובהה ה׹ב, היא גם בעלת שטח גדול: או׹כה 144.5 מט׹ ו׹וחבה 86.25 מט׹, ושטחה הבנוי הוא כמעט 8,000 מט׹ ךבוע.


Illustrated Glossary

אנגלית (English):
  1. North tower
  2. South tower
  3. West facade
  4. Narthex
  5. Nave
  6. Aisles
  7. Crossing
  8. North Transept
  9. South transept
  10. Choir
  11. Apse
  12. Ambulatory
  13. Chapel in chevet
  14. Flying buttress
  15. Rose window
  16. Spire

עבךית (Hebrew):

  1. המגדל ה׊׀וני
  2. המגדל הד׹ומי
  3. החזית המעךבית
  4. נךתקס
  5. הס׀ינה הךאשית (אולם התווך)
  6. ס׀ינות משניות - אג׀ים
  7. מקום המשלב
  8. ׊׀ון בית ה׹וחב (טךנס׀ט)
  9. ד׹ום בית ה׹וחב (טךנס׀ט)
  10. בית המקהלה
  11. א׀סיס
  12. אמבולטו׹יום
  13. ק׀לות בת׊וךת שווה|שווה
  14. תמיכות דואות
  15. חלון ׹וזטה
  16. ש׹יח מחודד


Article and Links

Articles:

WikiCommons galleries:

Externals Links:

Gothic architecture:
Top row: Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral (Rayonnant Gothic and Gothic Revival), North Rose window of Notre-Dame de Paris (Rayonnant Gothic), Chartres Cathedral (High Gothic). Middle row: Reims Cathedral (High Gothic), Notre-Dame de Paris (Early and High Gothic), High choir of Beauvais Cathedral (Late Gothic), Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral (Rayonnant Gothic and Gothic Revival).
Lower Row: Reims Cathedral, (High Gothic), Sainte Chapelle (Rayonnant Gothic), Chartres Cathedral (Early Gothic facade).




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