Appendix:Middle Chinese
This page lists the initials and finals of Middle Chinese as attested, as well as the various reconstructions. The "B" (Baxter) columns are transcriptions, and from the third column onwards are IPA symbols.
Initials
(Keys: Zz=Zhengzhang Shangfang, K=Bernhard Karlgren, Li=Li Rong, W=Wang Li, Pb=Edwin Pulleyblank, S=Shao Rongfen, B=Baxter, Pan=Pan Wuyun)
| # | Name | B | K | S | W | Pb | Zz | Li | Pan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 脣音 / bilabial | |||||||||
| 1 | 帮/非/幫 | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p |
| 2 | 滂/敷 | ph | pʰ | pʰ | pʰ | pʰ | pʰ | pʰ | pʰ |
| 3 | 並/奉/并 | b | bʱ | b | b | b | b | b | b |
| 4 | 明/微 | m | m | m | m | m | m | m | m |
| 舌頭音 / alveolar | |||||||||
| 5 | 端 | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t |
| 6 | 透 | th | tʰ | tʰ | tʰ | tʰ | tʰ | tʰ | tʰ |
| 7 | 定 | d | dʱ | d | d | d | d | d | d |
| 8 | 泥 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n |
| 舌上音 / retroflex | |||||||||
| 9 | 知 | tr | ȶ | ȶ | ȶ | ʈ | ʈ | ȶ | ʈ |
| 10 | 徹 | trh | ȶʰ | ȶʰ | ȶʰ | ʈʰ | ʈʰ | ȶʰ | ʈʰ |
| 11 | 澄 | dr | ȡʱ | ȡ | ȡ | ɖ | ɖ | ȡ | ɖ |
| 12 | 孃/娘 | nr | n | n | n | ɳ | ɳ | n | ɳ |
| 齒頭音 / dental | |||||||||
| 13 | 精 | ts | t͡s | t͡s | t͡s | t͡s | t͡s | t͡s | t͡s |
| 14 | 清 | tsh | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰ | t͡sʰ |
| 15 | 从/從 | dz | d͡zʱ | d͡z | d͡z | d͡z | d͡z | d͡z | d͡z |
| 16 | 心 | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s |
| 17 | 邪 | z | z | z | z | z | z | z | z |
| 正齒音 / retroflex? | |||||||||
| 18 | 庄/莊 | tsr | ʈ͡ʂ | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃ | ʈ͡ʂ | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃ | ʈ͡ʂ |
| 19 | 初 | tsrh | ʈ͡ʂʰ | t͡ʃʰ | t͡ʃʰ | ʈ͡ʂʰ | t͡ʃʰ | t͡ʃʰ | ʈ͡ʂʰ |
| 20 | 崇 | dzr | ɖ͡ʐʱ | d͡ʒ | d͡ʒ | ɖ͡ʐ | d͡ʒ | d͡ʒ | ɖ͡ʐ |
| 21 | 生 | sr | ʂ | ʃ | ʃ | ʂ | ʃ | ʃ | ʃ |
| 22 | 俟 | zr | ɖ͡ʐʰ | ʒ | ʒ | ʐ | ʒ | ʒ | ʐ |
| 正齒音 / post-alveolar | |||||||||
| 23 | 章 | tsy | t͡ɕ | t͡ɕ | t͡ɕ | c | t͡ɕ | t͡ɕ | t͡ɕ |
| 24 | 昌 | tsyh | t͡ɕʰ | t͡ɕʰ | t͡ɕʰ | cʰ | t͡ɕʰ | t͡ɕʰ | t͡ɕʰ |
| 25 | 禅/禪/常 | dzy | ʑ | d͡ʑ | ʑ | d͡ʑ | d͡ʑ | ʑ | d͡ʑ |
| 26 | 書/书 | sy | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ |
| 27 | 船 | zy | d͡ʑʰ | ʑ | d͡ʑ | ʑ | ʑ | d͡ʑ | ʑ |
| ? / velar | |||||||||
| 28 | 見/见 | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k |
| 29 | 溪/谿 | kh | kʰ | kʰ | kʰ | kʰ | kʰ | kʰ | kʰ |
| 30 | 群/羣 | g | g | ɡ | ɡ | g | ɡ | ɡ | ɡ |
| 31 | 疑 | ng | ŋ | ŋ | ŋ | ŋ | ŋ | ŋ | ŋ |
| 喉音 / glottal | |||||||||
| 32 | 曉/晓 | x | x | x | x | h | h | x | h |
| 33 | 匣 | h | ɣ | ɣ | ɣ | ɦ | ɦ | ɣ | ɦ |
| 34 | 影 | ' | ʔ | ʔ | ʔ | ʔ | ʔ | ʔ | |
| 35 | 云/雲/于 | h | ɣ | ɣ | ɦ | ɦ | ɣ | ɦ | |
| miscellaneous | |||||||||
| 36 | 以 | y | j | j | j | j | |||
| 37 | 来/來 | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l |
| 38 | 日 | ny | ȵʑ | ȵʑ | ȵʑ | ȵ | ȵ | ȵ | ȵ |
Finals
(Keys: Zz=Zhengzhang Shangfang, K=Bernhard Karlgren, Li=Li Rong, W=Wang Li, Pb=Edwin Pulleyblank, S=Shao Rongfen, B=Baxter, Pan=Pan Wuyun)
| # | Name | Div. | B | K | S | W | Pb | Zz | Li | Pan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 通攝 ung | ||||||||||
| 1 | 東一 | 1 | uwng | uŋ | uŋ | uŋ | əwŋ | uŋ | uŋ | uŋ |
| 2 | 東三 | 3 | juwng | i̯uŋ | iuŋ | ĭuŋ | uwŋ | ɨuŋ | iuŋ | iuŋ |
| 3 | 屋一 | 1 | uwk | uk̚ | uk̚ | uk̚ | əwk̚ | uk̚ | uk̚ | uk̚ |
| 4 | 屋三 | 3 | juwk | i̯uk̚ | iuk̚ | ĭuk̚ | uwk̚ | ɨuk̚ | iuk̚ | iuk̚ |
| 5 | 冬 | 1 | owng | uoŋ | oŋ | uoŋ | awŋ | uoŋ | oŋ | uoŋ |
| 6 | 沃 | 1 | owk | uok̚ | ok̚ | uok̚ | awk̚ | uok̚ | ok̚ | uok̚ |
| 7 | 鍾 | 3 | jowng | i̯woŋ | ioŋ | ĭwoŋ | uawŋ | ɨoŋ | ioŋ | ioŋ |
| 8 | 燭 | 3 | jowk | i̯wok̚ | iok̚ | ĭwok̚ | uawk̚ | ɨok̚ | iok̚ | iok̚ |
| 江攝 ong | ||||||||||
| 9 | 江 | 2 | aewng | ɔŋ | ɔŋ | ɔŋ | aɨwŋ | ˠʌŋ | ɔŋ | ᵚɔŋ |
| 10 | 覺 | 2 | aewk | ɔk̚ | ɔk̚ | ɔk̚ | aɨwk̚ | ˠʌk̚ | ɔk̚ | ᵚɔk̚ |
| 止攝 i | ||||||||||
| 11 | 支三開 | 3 | jie | ie̯ | jɛ | ǐe | iə̆ | iᴇ | ie | iɛ |
| 12 | 支三合 | 3 | jwie | wie̯ | juɛ | ǐwe | wiə̆ | iuᴇ | iue | ʷiɛ |
| 13 | 支重鈕三開 | 3 | je | ie̯ | iɛ | ǐe | jiə̆ | ˠiᴇ | je | ᵚiɛ |
| 14 | 支重鈕三合 | 3 | jwe | wie̯ | iuɛ | ǐwe | jwiə̆ | ˠiuᴇ | jue | ʷᵚiɛ |
| 15 | 脂重鈕四開/脂三開 | 3 | jij | i | jɪ | i | i | iɪ | i | i |
| 16 | 脂重鈕四合/脂三合 | 3 | jwij | wi | juɪ | wi | wi | iuɪ | ui | ʷi |
| 17 | 脂重鈕三開 | 3 | ij | i | iɪ | i | ji | ˠiɪ | ji | ᵚi |
| 18 | 脂重鈕三合 | 3 | wij | wi | iuɪ | wi | jwi | ˠiuɪ | jui | ʷᵚi |
| 19 | 之 | 3 | i | i | ie | ĭə | ɨ | ɨ | iə | ɨ |
| 20 | 微開 | 3 | j+j | e̯i | iəi | ĭəi | ɨj | ɨi | iəi | ɨi |
| 21 | 微合 | 3 | jw+j | we̯i | iuəi | ĭwəi | uj | ʉi | iuəi | ʷɨi |
| 遇攝 o | ||||||||||
| 22 | 魚 | 3 | jo | i̯wo | iɔ | ĭo | ɨə̆ | ɨʌ | iɔ | iɔ |
| 23 | 模 | 1 | u | uo | o | u | ɔ | uo | o | uo |
| 24 | 虞 | 3 | ju | i̯u | io | ĭu | uə̆ | ɨo | io | io |
| 蟹攝 ai | ||||||||||
| 25 | 泰開 | 1 | aj | ɑi | ɑi | ɑi | aj | ɑi | ɑi | ɑi |
| 26 | 泰合 | 1 | waj | uɑi | uɑi | uɑi | waj | uɑi | uɑi | ʷɑi |
| 27 | 廢開 | 3 | joj | i̯ɐi | iɐi | ĭɐi | ɨaj | ɨɐi | iɐi | iɐi |
| 28 | 廢合 | 3 | jwoj | i̯wɐi | iuɐi | ĭwɐi | uaj | ʉɐi | iuɐi | ʷiɐi |
| 29 | 夬開 | 2 | aej | ai | ai | æi | aɨjs | ˠai | ai | ᵚai |
| 30 | 夬合 | 2 | waej | wai | uai | wæi | waɨjs | ˠuai | uai | ʷᵚai |
| 31 | 佳開 | 2 | ea | ai | æi | ai | aɨj | ˠɛ | ɛ | ᵚæ |
| 32 | 佳合 | 2 | wea | wai | uæi | wai | waɨj | ˠuɛ | uɛ | ʷᵚæ |
| 33 | 皆開 | 2 | eaj | ăi | ɐi | ɐi | əɨj | ˠɛi | ɛi | ᵚæi |
| 34 | 皆合 | 2 | weaj | wăi | uɐi | wɐi | wəɨj | ˠuɛi | uɛi | ʷᵚæi |
| 35 | 祭重鈕四開/祭三開 | 3 | jiej | i̯ɛi | jæi | ĭɛi | iaj | iᴇi | iɛi | iɛi |
| 36 | 祭三合/祭重鈕四合 | 3 | jwiej | i̯wɛi | iuæi | ĭwɛi | wiaj | iuᴇi | iuɛi | ʷiɛi |
| 37 | 祭重鈕三開 | 3 | jej | i̯ɛi | iæi | ĭɛi | jiaj | ˠiᴇi | jɛi | ᵚiɛi |
| 38 | 祭重鈕三合 | 3 | jwej | i̯wɛi | iuæi | ĭwɛi | jwiaj | ˠiuᴇi | juɛi | ʷᵚiei |
| 39 | 齊開 | 4 | ej | iei | ɛi | iei | ɛj | ei | ei | ei |
| 40 | 齊合 | 4 | wej | iwei | uɛi | iwei | wɛj | wei | uei | ʷei |
| 41 | 咍 | 1 | oj | ɑ̆i | ɒi | ɒi | əj | ʌi | ᴀi | əi |
| 42 | 灰 | 1 | woj | uɑ̆i | uɒi | uɒi | wəj | uʌi | uᴀi | uoi |
| 臻攝 en | ||||||||||
| 43 | 真三/真重鈕四/眞三/眞重鈕四 | 3 | jin | i̯ĕn | jen | ĭĕn | in | iɪn | iĕn | in |
| 44 | 眞開/真開 | 3 | in | i̯ĕn | ien | ǐĕn | jin | ˠiɪn | jĕn | ᵚin |
| 45 | 真合/眞合 | 3 | win | i̯ĕn | iuen | ǐĕn | jin | ˠiuɪn | juĕn | ʷᵚin |
| 46 | 臻 | 3 | in | i̯æn | ien | ĭen | in | ɪn | iĕn | ɪn |
| 47 | 諄 | 3 | jwin | i̯uĕn | juen | ĭuĕn | win | iuɪn | iuĕn | ʷin |
| 48 | 質重鈕四/質三 | 3 | jit | i̯ĕt̚ | jet̚ | ĭĕt̚ | it̚ | iɪt̚ | iĕt̚ | it̚ |
| 49 | 質開 | 3 | it | i̯ĕt̚ | iet̚ | ĭĕt̚ | jit̚ | ˠiɪt̚ | jĕt̚ | ᵚit̚ |
| 50 | 質合 | 3 | wit | i̯ĕt̚ | iuet̚ | ĭĕt̚ | jit̚ | ˠiuɪt̚ | juĕt̚ | ʷᵚit̚ |
| 51 | 櫛 | 3 | it | i̯æt̚ | iet̚ | ĭet̚ | it̚ | ɪt̚ | iĕt̚ | ɪt̚ |
| 52 | 術 | 3 | jwit | i̯uĕt̚ | juet̚ | ĭuĕt̚ | wit̚ | iuɪt̚ | iuĕt̚ | ʷit̚ |
| 53 | 痕 | 1 | on | ən | ən | ən | ən | ən | ən | ən |
| 54 | 麧 | 1 | ot | ət̚ | ət̚ | ət̚ | ət̚ | ət̚ | ət̚ | ət̚ |
| 55 | 魂 | 1 | won | uən | uən | uən | wən | uən | uən | uon |
| 56 | 沒 | 1 | wot | uət̚ | uət̚ | uət̚ | wət̚ | uət̚ | uət̚ | uot̚ |
| 57 | 欣 | 3 | j+n | i̯ən | iən | ĭən | ɨn | ɨn | iən | ɨn |
| 58 | 迄 | 3 | j+t | i̯ət̚ | iət̚ | ĭət̚ | ɨt̚ | ɨt̚ | iət̚ | ɨt̚ |
| 59 | 文 | 3 | jun | i̯uən | iuən | ĭuən | un | ɨun | iuən | iun |
| 60 | 物 | 3 | jut | i̯uət̚ | iuət̚ | ĭuət̚ | ut̚ | ɨut̚ | iuət̚ | iut̚ |
| 山攝 an | ||||||||||
| 61 | 寒 | 1 | an | ɑn | ɑn | ɑn | an | ɑn | ɑn | ɑn |
| 62 | 桓 | 1 | wan | uɑn | uɑn | uɑn | wan | uɑn | uɑn | ʷɑn |
| 63 | 曷 | 1 | at | ɑt̚ | ɑt̚ | ɑt̚ | at̚ | ɑt̚ | ɑt̚ | ɑt̚ |
| 64 | 末 | 1 | wat | uɑt̚ | uɑt̚ | uɑt̚ | wat̚ | uɑt̚ | uɑt̚ | ʷɑt̚ |
| 65 | 元開 | 3 | jon | ɨ̯ɐn | iɐn | ĭɐn | ɨan | ɨɐn | iɐn | iɐn |
| 66 | 元合 | 3 | jwon | i̯wɐn | iuɐn | ĭwɐn | uan | ʉɐn | iuɐn | ʷiɐn |
| 67 | 月開 | 3 | jot | ɨ̯ɐt̚ | iɐt̚ | ĭɐt̚ | ɨat̚ | ɨɐt̚ | iɐt̚ | iɐt̚ |
| 68 | 月合 | 3 | jwot | i̯wɐt̚ | iuɐt̚ | ĭwɐt̚ | uat̚ | ʉɐt̚ | iuɐt̚ | ʷiɐt̚ |
| 69 | 刪開 | 2 | aen | an | ɐn | an | aɨn | ˠan | an | ᵚan |
| 70 | 刪合 | 2 | waen | wan | uɐn | wan | waɨn | ˠuan | uan | ʷᵚan |
| 71 | 黠開 | 2 | aet | ăt̚ | ɐt̚ | at̚ | aɨt̚ | ˠat̚ | at̚ | ᵚat̚ |
| 72 | 黠合 | 2 | waet | wăt̚ | uɐt̚ | wat̚ | waɨt̚ | ˠuat̚ | uat̚ | ʷᵚat̚ |
| 73 | 山開 | 2 | ean | ăn | æn | æn | əɨn | ˠɛn | ɛn | ᵚæn |
| 74 | 山合 | 2 | wean | wăn | uæn | wæn | wəɨn | ˠuɛn | uɛn | ʷᵚæn |
| 75 | 鎋開 | 2 | eat | at̚ | æt̚ | æt̚ | əɨt̚ | ˠɛt̚ | ɛt̚ | ᵚæt̚ |
| 76 | 鎋合 | 2 | weat | wat̚ | uæt̚ | wæt̚ | wəɨt̚ | ˠuɛt̚ | uɛt̚ | ʷᵚæt̚ |
| 77 | 仙三開 | 3 | jien | i̯ɛn | jæn | ĭɛn | ian | iᴇn | iɛn | iɛn |
| 78 | 仙三合 | 3 | jwien | i̯wɛn | juæn | ĭwɛn | wian | iuᴇn | iuɛn | ʷiɛn |
| 79 | 仙重鈕三開 | 3 | jen | i̯ɛn | iæn | ĭɛn | ian | ˠiᴇn | jɛn | ᵚiɛn |
| 80 | 仙重鈕三合 | 3 | jwen | i̯wɛn | iuæn | ĭwɛn | wian | ˠiuᴇn | juɛn | ʷᵚiɛn |
| 81 | 薛三開 | 3 | jiet | i̯ɛt̚ | jæt̚ | ĭɛt̚ | iat̚ | iᴇt̚ | iɛt̚ | iɛt̚ |
| 82 | 薛三合 | 3 | jwiet | i̯wɛt̚ | juæt̚ | ĭuɛt̚ | wiat̚ | iuᴇt̚ | iuɛt̚ | ʷiɛt̚ |
| 83 | 薛重鈕三開 | 3 | jet | i̯ɛt̚ | iæt̚ | ĭɛt̚ | iat̚ | ˠiᴇt̚ | jɛt̚ | ᵚiɛt̚ |
| 84 | 薛重鈕三合 | 3 | jwet | i̯wɛt̚ | iuæt̚ | ĭuɛt̚ | wiat̚ | ˠiuᴇt̚ | juɛt̚ | ʷᵚiet̚ |
| 85 | 先開 | 4 | en | ien | ɛn | ien | ɛn | en | en | en |
| 86 | 先合 | 4 | wen | iwen | uɛn | iwen | wɛn | wen | uen | ʷen |
| 87 | 屑開 | 4 | et | iet̚ | ɛt̚ | iet̚ | ɛt̚ | et̚ | et̚ | et̚ |
| 88 | 屑合 | 4 | wet | iwet̚ | uɛt̚ | iwet̚ | wɛt̚ | wet̚ | uet̚ | ʷet̚ |
| 效攝 au | ||||||||||
| 89 | 豪 | 1 | aw | ɑu | ɑu | ɑu | aw | ɑu | ɑu | ɑu |
| 90 | 肴 | 2 | aew | au | au | au | aɨw | ˠau | au | ᵚau |
| 91 | 宵三/宵重鈕四 | 3 | jiew | i̯ɛu | jæu | ĭɛu | iaw | iᴇu | iɛu | iɛu |
| 92 | 宵重鈕三 | 3 | jew | i̯ɛu | iæu | ĭɛu | iaw | ˠiᴇu | jɛu | ᵚiɛu |
| 93 | 蕭 | 4 | ew | ieu | eu | ieu | ɛw | eu | eu | eu |
| 果攝 ar | ||||||||||
| 94 | 歌 | 1 | a | ɑ | ɑ | ɑ | a | ɑ | ɑ | ɑ |
| 95 | 戈一合 | 1 | wa | uɑ | uɑ | uɑ | wa | uɑ | uɑ | uɑ |
| 96 | 戈三開 | 3 | ja | i̯ɑ | iɑ | ǐɑ | ɨa | ɨɑ | iɑ | iɑ |
| 97 | 戈三合 | 3 | jwa | i̯wɑ | iuɑ | ĭuɑ | ua | ɨuɑ | iuɑ | ʷiɑ |
| 假攝 a | ||||||||||
| 98 | 麻二開 | 2 | ae | a | a | a | aɨ | ˠa | a | ᵚa |
| 99 | 麻二合 | 2 | wae | wa | ua | wa | waɨ | ˠua | ua | ʷᵚa |
| 100 | 麻三開 | 3 | jae | i̯a | ia | ĭa | ia | ia | ia | ia |
| 宕攝 ang | ||||||||||
| 101 | 唐開 | 1 | ang | ɑŋ | ɑŋ | ɑŋ | aŋ | ɑŋ | ɑŋ | ɑŋ |
| 102 | 唐合 | 1 | wang | wɑŋ | uɑŋ | uɑŋ | waŋ | wɑŋ | uɑŋ | ʷɑŋ |
| 103 | 鐸開 | 1 | ak | ɑk̚ | ɑk̚ | ɑk̚ | ak̚ | ɑk̚ | ɑk̚ | ɑk̚ |
| 104 | 鐸合 | 1 | wak | wɑk̚ | uɑk̚ | uɑk̚ | wak̚ | wɑk̚ | uɑk̚ | ʷɑk̚ |
| 105 | 陽開 | 3 | jang | i̯aŋ | iɑŋ | ĭaŋ | ɨaŋ | ɨɐŋ | iaŋ | iɐŋ |
| 106 | 陽合 | 3 | jwang | iwaŋ | iuɑŋ | ĭwaŋ | uaŋ | ʉɐŋ | iuaŋ | ʷiɐŋ |
| 107 | 藥開 | 3 | jak | i̯ak̚ | iɑk̚ | ĭak̚ | ɨak̚ | ɨɐk̚ | iak̚ | iɐk̚ |
| 108 | 藥合 | 3 | jwak | iwak̚ | iuɑk̚ | ĭak̚ | uak̚ | ʉɐk̚ | iuak̚ | ʷiɐk̚ |
| 梗攝 eng | ||||||||||
| 109 | 庚二開 | 2 | aeng | ɐŋ | aŋ | ɐŋ | aɨjŋ | ˠæŋ | ɐŋ | ᵚaŋ |
| 110 | 庚二合 | 2 | waeng | wɐŋ | uaŋ | wɐŋ | waɨjŋ | ˠwæŋ | uɐŋ | ʷᵚaŋ |
| 111 | 庚三開/庚重鈕三開 | 3 | jaeng | i̯ɐŋ | iaŋ | ĭɐŋ | iajŋ | ˠiæŋ | iɐŋ | ᵚiaŋ |
| 112 | 庚重鈕三合/庚三合 | 3 | jwaeng | i̯wɐŋ | iuaŋ | ĭwɐŋ | wiajŋ | ˠwiæŋ | iuɐŋ | ʷᵚiaŋ |
| 113 | 陌二開 | 2 | aek | ɐk̚ | ak̚ | ɐk̚ | aɨjk̚ | ˠæk̚ | ɐk̚ | ᵚak̚ |
| 114 | 陌二合 | 2 | waek | wɐk̚ | uak̚ | wɐk̚ | waɨjk̚ | ˠwæk̚ | uɐk̚ | ʷᵚak̚ |
| 115 | 陌三開 | 3 | jaek | iɐk̚ | iak̚ | ĭɐk̚ | iajk̚ | ˠiæk̚ | iɐk̚ | ᵚiak̚ |
| 116 | 陌三合 | 3 | jwaek | iwɐk̚ | iuak̚ | ĭwɐk̚ | wiajk̚ | ˠwiæk̚ | iuɐk̚ | ʷᵚiak̚ |
| 117 | 耕開 | 2 | eang | æŋ | ɐŋ | æŋ | əɨjŋ | ˠɛŋ | ɛŋ | ᵚæŋ |
| 118 | 耕合 | 2 | weang | wæŋ | uɐŋ | wæŋ | wəɨjŋ | ˠwɛŋ | uɛŋ | ʷᵚæŋ |
| 119 | 麥開 | 2 | eak | æk̚ | ɐk̚ | æk̚ | əɨjk̚ | ˠɛk̚ | ɛk̚ | ᵚæk̚ |
| 120 | 麥合 | 2 | weak | wæk̚ | uɐk̚ | wæk̚ | wəɨjk̚ | ˠwɛk̚ | uɛk̚ | ʷᵚæk̚ |
| 121 | 清開 | 3 | jieng | i̯ɛŋ | iæŋ | ĭɛŋ | iajŋ | iᴇŋ | iɛŋ | iɛŋ |
| 122 | 清合 | 3 | jwieng | i̯wɛŋ | iuæŋ | ĭwɛŋ | wiajŋ | wiᴇŋ | iuɛŋ | ʷiɛŋ |
| 123 | 昔開 | 3 | jiek | i̯ɛk̚ | iæk̚ | ĭɛk̚ | iajk̚ | iᴇk̚ | iɛk̚ | iɛk̚ |
| 124 | 昔合 | 3 | jwiek | i̯wɛk̚ | iuæk̚ | ĭwɛk̚ | wiajk̚ | wiᴇk̚ | iuɛk̚ | ʷiɛk̚ |
| 125 | 青開 | 4 | eng | ieŋ | ɛŋ | ieŋ | ɛjŋ | eŋ | eŋ | eŋ |
| 126 | 青合 | 4 | weng | iweŋ | uɛŋ | iweŋ | wɛjŋ | weŋ | ueŋ | ʷeŋ |
| 127 | 錫開 | 4 | ek | iek̚ | ɛk̚ | iek̚ | ɛjk̚ | ek̚ | ek̚ | ek̚ |
| 128 | 錫合 | 4 | wek | iwek̚ | uɛk̚ | iwek̚ | wɛjk̚ | wek̚ | uek̚ | ʷek̚ |
| 129 | 登開 | 1 | ong | əŋ | əŋ | əŋ | əŋ | əŋ | əŋ | əŋ |
| 130 | 登合 | 1 | wong | wəŋ | uəŋ | uəŋ | wəŋ | wəŋ | uəŋ | ʷəŋ |
| 131 | 德開 | 1 | ok | ək̚ | ək̚ | ək̚ | ək̚ | ək̚ | ək̚ | ək̚ |
| 132 | 德合 | 1 | wok | wək̚ | uək̚ | uək̚ | wək̚ | wək̚ | uək̚ | ʷək̚ |
| 曾攝 erng | ||||||||||
| 133 | 蒸 | 3 | ing | i̯əŋ | ieŋ | ĭəŋ | iŋ | ɨŋ | iəŋ | ɨŋ |
| 134 | 職開 | 3 | ik | i̯ək̚ | iek̚ | ĭək̚ | ik̚ | ɨk̚ | iək̚ | ɨk̚ |
| 135 | 職合 | 3 | wik | i̯wək̚ | iuek̚ | ĭwək̚ | wik̚ | wɨk̚ | iuək̚ | ʷɨk̚ |
| 流攝 eu | ||||||||||
| 136 | 尤 | 3 | juw | i̯ə̯u | iəu | ĭəu | uw | ɨu | iu | iu |
| 137 | 侯 | 1 | uw | ə̯u | əu | əu | əw | əu | u | əu |
| 138 | 幽 | 3 | jiw | ieu | ieu | iəu | jiw | iɪu | iĕu | ɨu |
| 深攝 em | ||||||||||
| 139 | 侵三 | 3 | jim | i̯əm | jem | ĭĕm | im | iɪm | iəm | im |
| 140 | 侵重鈕三 | 3 | im | i̯əm | iem | ĭĕm | jim | ˠiɪm | jəm | ᵚim |
| 141 | 緝三 | 3 | jip | i̯əp̚ | jep̚ | ĭĕp̚ | ip̚ | iɪp̚ | iəp̚ | ip̚ |
| 142 | 緝重鈕三 | 3 | ip | i̯əp̚ | iep̚ | ĭĕp̚ | jip̚ | ˠiɪp̚ | jəp̚ | ᵚip̚ |
| 咸攝 am | ||||||||||
| 143 | 談 | 1 | am | ɑm | ɑm | ɑm | am | ɑm | ɑm | ɑm |
| 144 | 盍 | 1 | ap | ɑp̚ | ɑp̚ | ɑp̚ | ap̚ | ɑp̚ | ɑp̚ | ɑp̚ |
| 145 | 嚴 | 3 | jaem | i̯ɐm | iɐm | ĭɐm | ɨam | ɨɐm | iɐm | iɐm |
| 146 | 凡 | 3 | jom | i̯wɐm | iɐm | ĭwɐm | uam | ɨɐm | iɐm | iɐm |
| 147 | 業 | 3 | jaep | i̯ɐp̚ | iɐp̚ | ĭɐp̚ | ɨap̚ | ɨɐp̚ | iap̚ | iɐp̚ |
| 148 | 乏 | 3 | jop | i̯wɐp̚ | iɐp̚ | ĭwɐp̚ | uap̚ | ɨɐp̚ | iɐp̚ | iɐp̚ |
| 149 | 銜 | 2 | aem | am | am | am | aɨm | ˠam | am | ᵚam |
| 150 | 狎 | 2 | aep | ap̚ | ap̚ | ap̚ | aɨp̚ | ˠap̚ | ap̚ | ᵚap̚ |
| 151 | 咸 | 2 | eam | ăm | ɐm | ɐm | əɨm | ˠɛm | ɐm | ᵚæm |
| 152 | 洽 | 2 | eap | ăp̚ | ɐp̚ | ɐp̚ | əɨp̚ | ˠɛp̚ | ɐp̚ | ᵚæp̚ |
| 153 | 鹽三 | 3 | jiem | i̯ɛm | jæm | ĭɛm | iam | iᴇm | iɛm | iɛm |
| 154 | 鹽重鈕三 | 3 | jem | i̯ɛm | iæm | ĭɛm | jiam | ˠiᴇm | jɛm | ᵚiɛm |
| 155 | 葉三 | 3 | jiep | i̯ɛp̚ | jæp̚ | ĭɛp̚ | iap̚ | iᴇp̚ | iɛp̚ | iɛp̚ |
| 156 | 葉重鈕三 | 3 | jep | i̯ɛp̚ | iæp̚ | ĭɛp̚ | jiap̚ | ˠiᴇp̚ | jɛp̚ | ᵚiɛp̚ |
| 157 | 添 | 4 | em | iem | ɛm | iem | ɛm | em | em | em |
| 158 | 帖/怗 | 4 | ep | iep̚ | ɛp̚ | iep̚ | ɛp̚ | ep̚ | ep̚ | ep̚ |
| 159 | 覃 | 1 | om | ăm | ɒm | ɒm | əm | ʌm | ᴀm | əm |
| 160 | 合 | 1 | op | ăp̚ | ɒp̚ | ɒp̚ | əp̚ | ʌp̚ | ᴀp̚ | əp̚ |