Appendix:Old Cyrillic script
This appendix explains characters written in the Old Cyrillic script.
This is the Cyrillic alphabet, as used in Old Church Slavonic and other Slavic languages before the eighteenth century. Sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet. Transliteration method is the scholarly system used in linguistics.
Text entry
The classic Cyrillic alphabet has different writing and typographical conventions from the modern.
- е, ЕCategory:Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes#OLD%20CYRILLIC%20SCRIPT (е, Е) – the normal, narrow letter iest is represented by the Cyrillic letter е (Unicode U+0435). This should be used in most entries.
- є, ЄCategory:Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes#OLD%20CYRILLIC%20SCRIPT (є, Є) – the broad, or anchor, form of iest is represented by the Cyrillic letter є (U+0454). This should appear in a main or alternate-form entry where it is attested, and should be used in a citation following the source.
- оу, ОУCategory:Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes#OLD%20CYRILLIC%20SCRIPT (oу, ОУ) Should be entered as two separate characters (о+у, О+У). The Unicode combined Uk Ꙋ, ꙋCategory:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#OLD%20CYRILLIC%20SCRIPT (U+0478, U+0479) is deprecated.
- ꙑ, ꙐCategory:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#OLD%20CYRILLIC%20SCRIPT (ꙑ, Ꙑ) should be used instead of the modern ы, Ы.
- ꙗ, ꙖCategory:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#OLD%20CYRILLIC%20SCRIPT (ꙗ, Ꙗ) should be used instead of the modern я, Я.
The Cyrillic alphabet
| Source | ѧ : ѩ | ѫ : ѭ |
|---|---|---|
| Hil | ѧ : ꙙ | ѫ : ѭ |
| Supr | ꙙ/[ѧ] : ѧ | ... |
| Слуц. | ꙙ/[ѧ] : ѧ | ... |
| Макед. XI | ꙙ : ꙙ | ... |
| Sav | ѧ/[ꙙ] : ѧ | ... |
Numerals
See also: Appendix:Ancient Greek numerals
| 10² | 10¹ | 10⁰ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | р | і ї | а |
| 2 | с | к | в |
| 3 | т | л | г |
| 4 | оу ѵ | м | д |
| 5 | ф | н | е |
| 6 | х | ѯ | ѕ |
| 7 | ѱ | о | з |
| 8 | ѡ | п | и |
| 9 | ц ѧ | ч | ѳ |
Fonts
Note: some characters may not display without a suitable Unicode 5.1 font. Some fonts can be downloaded from:
- Slavonic Computing Initiative at Ponomar Project. Freely licences, high-quality Unicode fonts.
- Medieval Slavic Fonts at the AATSEEL
- Resources at Obshtezhitie (Dilyana v 2.001, Lazov v 1.00, Menaion Medieval v 2.10)
- Code2000 version 1.17
- BukyVede version 1.002
- Kliment Std version 3.00
- RomanCyrillic Std version 3.00
- DejaVu Sans 2.26 has 24 characters from Cyrillic Extended-B. The development versions of DejaVu Sans and DejaVu Serif support more characters
- GNU Unifont 2008-05-10 (bitmap glyphs only)
Comparison
| 1 | у | л | д | х | и | н | ц | ч | щ | ы | ꙑ | а | ꙗ | я | ѧ | е | є | ѥ | з | ꙁ | ꙃ | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | у | ʌ |  | χ | ʜ | ɴ |  |  |  | ьı | ъı |  |  | ѧ | ѧ | є | є | ıє |  | |  | |
| Menaion Unicode | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 | -Latin, bad bold |
| Lazov | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 2 | 2 | | 21 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 | +Latin |
| BukyVede | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 | +Latin |
| Kliment Std | 21 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 | +Latin |
| Dilyana | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ъı | — | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | 21 | 21 | 2 | — | — | -Latin |
| Menaion Medieval | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ъı | — | 2 | — | | 21 | 2 | — | 21 | 2 | — | — | -Latin, bad bold |
| Ostromirov UCS | оу | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ъı | — | 2 | — | | — | 2 | 21 | 21 | 2 | — | — | blackboard? capital |
| Fedorovsk Unicode | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 21 | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | — | |
| Ponomar Unicode | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 21 | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | — | -Latin |
| RomanCyrillic Std | 21 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 | 1 | 21 | 21 |
Examples
ц (ɥ ):
- Иоанъ, editor (1076), “Не рьци [Nє рьɥʜ]”, in Изборник 1076 года [Izbornik of 1076], page 31 (16), line 5
ы:
- Иоанъ, editor (1076), “помысливъ о оубогꙑхъ”, in Изборник 1076 года [Izbornik of 1076], page 84 (42.5), line 4
зꙁ (long/short ):
- “землѧ [ɀємʌѧ]”, in Novgorod Codex (in Old Church Slavonic), 1010±15, ps. 75:10, page 1, line -6
- “възмѧтошѧ [въɀмѧтошѧ]”, in Novgorod Codex (in Old Church Slavonic), 1010±15, page 1, line 8
- Ретъко, editor (1025±50?), “земьꙗ [ɀємьꙗ]”, in Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Church Slavonic), page (leaf) 161.5, line 10
- “звѣрь [ɀвѣрь]”, in Fragmenta Chilandarensia (in Old Church Slavonic), 1051±50, page (leaf) 1, line 20
- “ѡбраза [ѡбрɑɀɑ]”, in Enina Apostle (in Old Church Slavonic), 1051±50, page 36, line 10
![звѣрь [ɀвѣрь]](http://digilib.nalis.bg/xmlui/bitstream/handle/nls/34955/slavika_571_038.jpg){kind=link}
зꙁ (
):
- Иоанъ, editor (1076), “золотьмь [ȥоʌотьмь]”, in Изборник 1076 года [Izbornik of 1076], page 541 (271), line 1
- Иоанъ, editor (1076), “Знаѥмꙑꙗ[Ȥɴɑѥмꙑꙗ]”, in Изборник 1076 года [Izbornik of 1076], page 31 (16), line 5
- Uncertain: “Знаемъ [ℤɴɑємъ?]”, in Novgorod Codex (in Old Church Slavonic), 1010±15, ps. 72:2, page 1, line 2
зꙁ (
):
- Иоанъ, editor (1076), “раздаваи [раӡдɑвɑʜ]”, in Изборник 1076 года [Izbornik of 1076], page 31 (16), line 5
- Capital?: “Земьна [ӡємьɴɑ]”, in Psalterium Tolstoianum [Tolstoy psalter] (in Old Church Slavonic), 1100±100, page 4, line 6
ѕꙃ (
):
- “ѕвѣрие [ɀ̶вѣриє]”, in Enina Apostle (in Old Church Slavonic), 1051±50, page 36, line 10
- “поꙥьꙃѣ (ɀ/ȥ/ӡ)”, in Fragmenta Chilandarensia (in Old Church Slavonic), 1051±50, page (leaf) 2.5, line 9
ѕ "6":
- Григории, editor (1057), “въ лѣ ·ѕ҃·ф҃·ѯ҃д· (leaf 294, line -5)”, in Еулие [Ostromir Gospels] (in Old Church Slavonic), page 294
- Иоанъ, editor (1076), “въ лѣ :ѕ҃·ф҃??”, in Изборник 1076 года [Izbornik of 1076], page 551 (276), line -5
- Tmutarakan stone (1084±16): въ лѣто ·ѕ҃·ф҃о҃ іні ѕ҃ (vŭ lěto 6f:o: ini dz:, “in year 6570 indiction 6 [1068]”)
- cu:ангел-: -Supr[г] -Sav[г] -En[г] -Und[г] -Hil[г] (glag: ±Mar[g] +Zogr +Ass +Евх +Cloz +Боян +Kiev +Ryl -Sin[g])[5]
- Ретъко, editor (1025±50?), “г҄еѡна”, in Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Church Slavonic), page (leaf) 240, line 18
- cu:еванг-: -Supr[г] -Sav[г] -En[г] -Und[г] (glag: +Mar +Zogr +Ass +Евх +Cloz +Служ ?Боян ?Охр)[6]
Further reading
- Andreev, Aleksandr; Shardt, Yuri; Simmons, Nikita (4 November 2015), “Church Slavonic Typography in Unicode”, in Unicode Technical Notes: “2.1. Church Slavonic Letters”
- Script styles: uncial, ustav, poluustav, skoropis, civil
- Greek uncial: Regius (801±100), Campianus (851±50), Petropolitanus (851±50), Cyprius (851±50), Porphyrius (862?), НБКМ Gr. 1 (901±100), НБКМ Gr. 2 (951±50), Trebizond (951±50)
- Greek minuscule: Minuscule 268 (1101±100)
- Appendix:Church Slavonic manuscripts
References
- ↑ S. M. Kulʹbakin (1900), “Для носовыхъ звуковъ”, in Хиландарскіе листки, отрывокъ кирилловской письменности XI-го вѣка (in Old Church Slavonic), Saint Petersburg: Q24931201, page 16
- ↑ Cleminson, R. M. (2006.01.26), Proposal for additional cyrillic characters, page 3
- ↑ Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “Кириллическое и глаголическое письмо”, in Старославянский словарь (по рукописям X—XI веков) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 56
- ↑ Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “Нормализация написания заглавного слова основной словарной статьи (фонетическая и морфологическая)”, in Старославянский словарь (по рукописям X—XI веков) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 41
- ↑ Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “анеглъ”, in Старославянский словарь (по рукописям X—XI веков) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 70
- ↑ Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “евангелиискъ”, in Старославянский словарь (по рукописям X—XI веков) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 206
- Lunt, Horace G. Old Church Slavonic Grammar, Seventh Edition, 2001.
- Peter T. Daniels and William Bright, eds. (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. →ISBN.