kul
Albanian • Arin • Cornish • Czech • Danish • Dutch • Icelandic • Karaim • Livonian • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Polish • Serbo-Croatian • Sumerian • Swedish • Tocharian B • Turkish • Yucatec Maya
Page categories
Translingual
Etymology
Clipping ofCategory:Translingual clippings#KUL EnglishCategory:Translingual terms derived from English#KUL Kulere.
Symbol
kulCategory:Translingual lemmas#KULCategory:Translingual symbols#KULCategory:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#KULCategory:Translingual entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
See also
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-AlbanianCategory:Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian#KUL * ̊kull-, from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#KUL *kwel- (“to revolve, twist”). Occurs almost exclusively in prefixed form with për-. Probably related to ul.
Verb
kul (aorist (për)kula, participle (për)kulur)Category:Albanian lemmas#KULCategory:Albanian verbs#KULCategory:Albanian entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Derived terms
Arin
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-YeniseianCategory:Arin terms inherited from Proto-Yeniseian#KULCategory:Arin terms derived from Proto-Yeniseian#KUL *Huλ (“water”).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
Noun
kul (plural unknown)Category:Arin lemmas#KULCategory:Arin nouns#KULCategory:Arin entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Usage notes
- Also found in various hydronymota as a suffix.[4]
References
- ↑ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=776&root=config
- ↑ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%2Fyen%2Fyen&first=1&off=&text_word=water&method_word=equal&sort=number
- ↑ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 322
- ↑ Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 3, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 55-57
Further reading
- Toporov, Vladimir Nikolajevich (1968), “Материалы к срабнительно-исторической фонетике Енисейских языков. 1. Аринско-Енисейские соответствия”, in Ivanov, Vjacheslav Vselodovich, Toporov, Vladimir Nikolajevich, Uspenskij, Boris Andreevich, editors, Кетский Сборник 1: Лингвистика, Moscow: Nauka, page 289
- Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 378
- Werner, Heinrich K. (2005), Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz KG, →ISBN, page 160
Cornish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old CornishCategory:Cornish terms inherited from Old Cornish#KULCategory:Cornish terms derived from Old Cornish#KUL cul, from Proto-BrythonicCategory:Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic#KULCategory:Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic#KUL *kʉl, from Proto-CelticCategory:Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic#KULCategory:Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic#KUL *koilos (“thin”) (compare Old Irish coíl, Welsh cul).
Adjective
kulCategory:Cornish lemmas#KULCategory:Cornish adjectives#KULCategory:Cornish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Derived terms
- kuldremenva (“corridor”)
Mutation
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
kulCategory:Cornish non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Cornish mutated verbs#KULCategory:Cornish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- hard mutation of gul (“to do, make”)Category:Cornish hard-mutation forms#GUL
Czech
Pronunciation
Participle
kulCategory:Czech non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Czech past active participles#KULCategory:Czech entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Danish
Etymology 1
From Old NorseCategory:Danish terms derived from Old Norse#KUL kol, from Proto-GermanicCategory:Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic#KUL *kulą, cognate with Swedish kol, German Kohle, Dutch kool, English coal.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kol/, [ˈkʰɔl]Category:Danish terms with IPA pronunciation#KUL
Noun
kul n (singular definite kullet, plural indefinite kul)Category:Danish lemmas#KULCategory:Danish nouns#KULCategory:Danish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Danish neuter nouns#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Declension
Derived terms
References
- “kul” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kuːˀl/, [ˈkʰuˀl]Category:Danish terms with IPA pronunciation#KUL
Verb
kulCategory:Danish non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Danish verb forms#KULCategory:Danish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- imperative of kule
Dutch
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle DutchCategory:Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch#KULCategory:Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch#KUL cul, kul (“testicle”), from Old FrenchCategory:Dutch terms derived from Old French#KUL coille, from LatinCategory:Dutch terms derived from Latin#KUL cōleus (“testicle”).
Noun
kul f (plural kullen, diminutive kulletje n)Category:Dutch lemmas#KULCategory:Dutch nouns#KULCategory:Dutch nouns with plural in -en#KULCategory:Dutch nouns with red links in their headword lines#KULCategory:Dutch entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Dutch feminine nouns#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- (obsoleteCategory:Dutch terms with obsolete senses#KUL) testicle
- (dialectalCategory:Dutch dialectal terms#KUL) marble (small ball used in various games)
- (obsoleteCategory:Dutch terms with obsolete senses#KUL) loser, wuss, wimp
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Clipping of flauwekulCategory:Dutch clippings#KUL, a univerbation of the adjective flauw (“insipid, tasteless”) and the noun kul (“testicle”).
Noun
kul m (uncountable, no diminutive)Category:Dutch lemmas#KULCategory:Dutch nouns#KULCategory:Dutch uncountable nouns#KULCategory:Dutch entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Dutch masculine nouns#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Derived terms
Icelandic
Pronunciation
Noun
kul n (genitive singular kuls, no plural)Category:Icelandic lemmas#KULCategory:Icelandic nouns#KULCategory:Icelandic uncountable nouns#KULCategory:Icelandic entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Icelandic neuter nouns#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Declension
Karaim
Etymology
From Proto-TurkicCategory:Karaim terms inherited from Proto-Turkic#KULCategory:Karaim terms derived from Proto-Turkic#KUL *kul.
Noun
kulCategory:Karaim lemmas#KULCategory:Karaim nouns#KULCategory:Karaim entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
References
- N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “kul”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN
Livonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkuˀl/, [ˈkuˀl]Category:Livonian terms with IPA pronunciation#KUL
Etymology 1
From Proto-FinnicCategory:Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic#KULCategory:Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic#KUL *kulo.
Noun
ku’lCategory:Livonian lemmas#KULCategory:Livonian nouns#KULCategory:Livonian entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Declension
| singular (ikšlu’g) | plural (pǟgiņlu’g) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīv) | ku’l | kulūd |
| genitive (genitīv) | ku’l | kulūd |
| partitive (partitīv) | ku’llõ | kulīdi |
| dative (datīv) | ku’llõn | kulūdõn |
| instrumental (instrumentāl) | ku’lkõks | kulūdõks |
| illative (illatīv) | ku’llõ | kulīž |
| inessive (inesīv) | ku’lsõ | kulīs |
| elative (elatīv) | ku’lstõ | kulīst |
Etymology 2
From Proto-FinnicCategory:Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic#KULCategory:Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic#KUL *kulu.
Noun
ku’lCategory:Livonian lemmas#KULCategory:Livonian nouns#KULCategory:Livonian entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Declension
| singular (ikšlu’g) | plural (pǟgiņlu’g) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīv) | ku’l | kulūd |
| genitive (genitīv) | ku’l | kulūd |
| partitive (partitīv) | ku’llõ | kulīdi |
| dative (datīv) | ku’llõn | kulūdõn |
| instrumental (instrumentāl) | ku’lkõks | kulūdõks |
| illative (illatīv) | ku’llõ | kulīž |
| inessive (inesīv) | ku’lsõ | kulīs |
| elative (elatīv) | ku’lstõ | kulīst |
References
- Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “ku’l”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
Related to the noun kule
Pronunciation
Noun
kul m (definite singular kulen, indefinite plural kuler, definite plural kulene)Category:Norwegian Bokmål lemmas#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål nouns#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Etymology 2
From SwedishCategory:Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Swedish#KUL kul, with meaning influenced by EnglishCategory:Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from English#KUL cool.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Adjective
kul (masculine and feminine kul, neuter kult, definite singular and plural kule, comparative kulere, indefinite superlative kulest, definite superlative kuleste)Category:Norwegian Bokmål lemmas#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål adjectives#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- cool (awesome)
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Verb
kulCategory:Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål verb forms#KULCategory:Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
References
- “kul” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- NAOB
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
Related to the noun kule
Noun
kul m (definite singular kulen, indefinite plural kular, definite plural kulane)Category:Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk nouns#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Etymology 2
From SwedishCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Swedish#KUL kul, with meaning influenced by EnglishCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from English#KUL cool.
Adjective
kul (neuter kult, definite singular and plural kule, comparative kulare, indefinite superlative kulast, definite superlative kulaste)Category:Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk adjectives#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- cool (awesome)
Etymology 3
Verb
kulCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms#KULCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- imperative of kule
References
- “kul” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
Pronunciation
Noun
kul fCategory:Polish non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Polish noun forms#KULCategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Verb
kulCategory:Polish non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Polish verb forms#KULCategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Borrowed from EnglishCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from English#KULCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from English#KUL cool.
Pronunciation
Adjective
kȗl (Cyrillic spelling ку̑л)Category:Serbo-Croatian lemmas#KULCategory:Serbo-Croatian adjectives#KULCategory:Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- cool: popular, great, in fashion
- Taj frajer je zbilja kul! — That dude is really cool!
Adverb
kȗl (Cyrillic spelling ку̑л)Category:Serbo-Croatian lemmas#KULCategory:Serbo-Croatian adverbs#KULCategory:Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- cool, in a cool manner
Sumerian
Romanization
kulCategory:Sumerian non-lemma forms#KULCategory:Sumerian romanizations#KULCategory:Sumerian entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- romanization of 𒆰 (kul)
Swedish
Etymology
Of unclear origin. Perhaps a clipping from an earlier kulan, from kula. First seen in 1911.
Pronunciation
Adjective
kul (comparative mer kul, superlative mest kul)Category:Swedish lemmas#KULCategory:Swedish adjectives#KULCategory:Swedish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- fun
- Det är kul att åka skateboard
- It's fun to ride a skateboard
- funny
- (nominalizedCategory:Swedish nominalized adjectives#KUL) fun things
- Det finns mycket kul att göra på stadsfestivalen
- There are lots of fun things to do at the city festival
Declension
No inflected forms. Sometimes kulig is used colloquially when inflected forms are needed.
Related terms
See also
References
- “kul”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
- “kul”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
- “kul”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
Tocharian B
Etymology
UnknownCategory:Tocharian B terms with unknown etymologies#KUL.
Noun
kul ?Category:Tocharian B lemmas#KULCategory:Tocharian B nouns#KULCategory:Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Requests for gender in Tocharian B entries#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
Further reading
- Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “kul”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 196
Turkish
Etymology
Inherited from Ottoman TurkishCategory:Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish#KULCategory:Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish#KUL قول (kul, “male slave, servant”), from Old Anatolian TurkishCategory:Turkish terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish#KUL قل (qul), from Proto-TurkicCategory:Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic#KUL *kul (“slave, servant”).[1] Cognate to Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “slave”)Category:Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations#KUL, Karakhanid قُلْ (qul, “slave”), Kazakh құл (qūl), Khakas хул (xul).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkʊl/Category:Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation#KUL
Category:Turkish terms with audio pronunciation#KULAudio: (file) - Hyphenation: kul
Noun
kul (definite accusative kulu, plural kullar)Category:Turkish lemmas#KULCategory:Turkish nouns#KULCategory:Turkish entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL
- slave
- servant
- (IslamCategory:tr:Islam#KUL) a sentient being (jinn or human) (as being obliged to worship their Creator)
Usage notes
Uses in the sense of slave are mostly archaic, except for a few idioms such as kul köle and the verb kulluk yapmak, meaning “to serve” in a pejorative sense. Otherwise, even figuratively, köle is more common.
Declension
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Related terms
See also
References
- ↑ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*Kul”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Further reading
kul on the Turkish Wikipedia.Wikipedia tr
Yucatec Maya
Verb
kulCategory:Yucatec Maya lemmas#KULCategory:Yucatec Maya verbs#KULCategory:Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header#KULCategory:Pages with entries#KULCategory:Pages with 19 entries#KUL (positionalCategory:Yucatec Maya positional verbs)
- to sit