Syria

See also: Sýria

English

Map showing the location of Syria (sense 1) in green
Arab Syria (sense 2) in the 9th century

Etymology

From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#SYRIACategory:English terms derived from Middle English#SYRIA Sirie, from LatinCategory:English terms derived from Latin#SYRIA Sȳria, from Ancient GreekCategory:English terms derived from Ancient Greek#SYRIA Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Sŭrĭ́ā), apheretic form of Ἀσσυρία (Assuría, “Assyria”), from AkkadianCategory:English terms derived from Akkadian#SYRIA 𒀾𒋗𒊏𒅀 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”).

The land corresponding to modern Syria was originally called Aram by its ancient inhabitants, the Arameans. After the Assyrian conquest of Aram, the Greeks applied the name Syria to this territory. Over time, Syria came to denote the broader Levant, while Assyria referred to Mesopotamia. Herodotus (5th century BCE) was among the earliest Greek authors to consistently distinguish Syria and Assyria.[1] After his time, some classical writers occasionally blurred the distinction.[1] Nevertheless, educated writers and administrative usage gradually preserved the distinction, with Syria referring to the Levant and Assyria to Mesopotamia.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

SyriaCategory:English lemmas#SYRIACategory:English proper nouns#SYRIACategory:English uncountable nouns#SYRIACategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

  2. A country in West Asia in the Middle East. Official name: Syrian Arab Republic. Capital: DamascusCategory:en:Syria#SYRIACategory:en:Countries in Asia#SYRIA.
    • 2011 December 31, “Syrian opposition group: More than 5,800 died in 2011”, in CNN‎:
      Representatives of the Syrian National Council and the National Coordination Body for Democratic Change in Syria signed an agreement late Friday in Cairo for a transition in a post-Assad era, the NCB said on its Facebook page.
      Category:English terms with quotations#SYRIA
  4. (historicalCategory:English terms with historical senses#SYRIA) A historical region of West AsiaCategory:en:Geographic and cultural areas#SYRIA, extending from modern-day southeast Turkey to the north, the Euphrates and Arabian Desert to the east, the Sinai Peninsula to the south, and the Mediterranean sea to the west.
    Synonyms: Greater Syria, Levant, Syria-Palestine
    • 1866, Carl Ritter, translated by William L. Gage, Comparative Geography of Palestine and the Sinaitic Peninsula‎, volume II, New York: D. Appleton and Co., page 11:
      The belt which runs along the eastern frontier from north to south, traversing all Syria from the extreme limits of the Taurus to the Sinai desert, is not remarkable for any marked grandeur in its physical features, and is tolerably uniform in its characteristics, being made up to a considerable extent of a broad plateau of steppe land, rock and sand and debris being freely intermingled in its formation, and forming an immeasurable succession of high plains, whose effect is manifest in the course of the Euphrates, which has been driven to the eastward thereby, and removed from the immediate neighbourhood of the Mediterranean Sea.
      Category:English terms with quotations#SYRIA
  6. (historicalCategory:English terms with historical senses#SYRIA) An ancient Roman province between 64 BCE and 198 CECategory:en:Former political divisions#SYRIA.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Joseph, John (2000), The modern Assyrians of the Middle East, Brill, page 21:
    Randolph Helm's researches show that Herodotus “conscientiously” and “consistently” distinguished the names Syria and Assyria and used them independently of each other. To Herodotus, writes Helm, “Syrians” were “the inhabitants of the coastal Levant, including North Syria, Phoenicia, and Philistia”; he “never [emphasis Helm’s] uses the name ‘Syria’ to apply to Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia is always called ‘Assyria’ ... [and its] inhabitants ‘Assyrians’.” The clear distinction made by Herodotus, comments Helm, was “lost upon later Classical authors, some of whom interpreted [Herodotus’] Histories VII.63 as a mandate to refer to Phoenicians, Jews, and any other Levantines as ‘Assyrians’.”

Further reading

Anagrams

Category:English terms suffixed with -ia (place)#SYRIACategory:English exonyms#SYRIA

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

    Category:Latin entries referencing missing etymons#SYRIACategory:Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek#SYRIACategory:Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek#SYRIA

    Borrowed from the Ancient GreekCategory:Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek#SYRIACategory:Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek#SYRIA Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Sŭrĭ́ā, “Syria”).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    Syria f sg (genitive Syriae)Category:Latin lemmas#SYRIACategory:Latin proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Latin first declension nouns#SYRIACategory:Latin feminine nouns in the first declension#SYRIACategory:Latin terms spelled with Y#SYRIACategory:Latin entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Latin feminine nouns#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA; first declension

    1. (historicalCategory:Latin terms with historical senses#SYRIA) Syria (a historical region of West Asia, extending from modern-day southeast Turkey to the north, the Euphrates and Arabian Desert to the east, the Sinai Peninsula to the south, and the Mediterranean sea to the west)Category:la:Geographic and cultural areas#SYRIA
    2. (historicalCategory:Latin terms with historical senses#SYRIA) Syria (an ancient Roman province between 64 BCE and 198 CE)Category:la:Former political divisions#SYRIA
    3. (transferred senseCategory:Latin terms with transferred senses#SYRIA) Assyria
    4. (New LatinCategory:New Latin#SYRIA) Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:la:Syria#SYRIACategory:la:Syria#SYRIACategory:la:Countries in Asia#SYRIA

    Declension

    First-declension noun, singular only.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    Further reading

    • “Sȳrĭa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “Syria”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • “Syria”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎
    • “Syria”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “Syria”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

    Malay

    Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ms

    Etymology

    Unadapted borrowing from EnglishCategory:Malay terms borrowed from English#SYRIACategory:Malay unadapted borrowings from English#SYRIACategory:Malay terms derived from English#SYRIA Syria.

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    Syria (Jawi spelling سيريا)Category:Malay lemmas#SYRIACategory:Malay proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Malay entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. (MalaysiaCategory:Malaysian Malay#SYRIA, SingaporeCategory:Singapore Malay#SYRIA, BruneiCategory:Bruneian Malay#SYRIA) Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:ms:Syria#SYRIACategory:ms:Syria#SYRIACategory:ms:Countries in Asia#SYRIA

    Synonyms

    • (Indonesian, Indonesian Malay) Suriah

    Derived terms

    See also

    Norwegian Bokmål

    Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia no

    Proper noun

    SyriaCategory:Norwegian Bokmål lemmas#SYRIACategory:Norwegian Bokmål proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:nb:Syria#SYRIACategory:nb:Syria#SYRIACategory:nb:Countries in Asia#SYRIA

    Norwegian Nynorsk

    Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nn

    Proper noun

    SyriaCategory:Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas#SYRIACategory:Norwegian Nynorsk proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:nn:Syria#SYRIACategory:nn:Syria#SYRIACategory:nn:Countries in Asia#SYRIA

    Old English

    Old English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ang

    Etymology

    Borrowed from LatinCategory:Old English terms borrowed from Latin#SYRIACategory:Old English terms derived from Latin#SYRIA Syria.

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    Syria mCategory:Old English lemmas#SYRIACategory:Old English proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Old English entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Old English masculine nouns#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. Syria

    Declension

    Weak:

    Category:ang:Syria#SYRIA

    Polish

    Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pl

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    Syria fCategory:Polish lemmas#SYRIACategory:Polish proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Polish feminine nouns#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:pl:Syria#SYRIACategory:pl:Syria#SYRIACategory:pl:Countries in Asia#SYRIA

    Declension

    Derived terms

    adjective

    Further reading

    • Syria in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
    • Syria in Polish dictionaries at PWN

    Portuguese

    Proper noun

    Syria fCategory:Portuguese lemmas#SYRIACategory:Portuguese proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Portuguese uncountable proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Portuguese terms spelled with Y#SYRIACategory:Portuguese entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Portuguese feminine nouns#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of SíriaCategory:Portuguese forms superseded in 1943#SYRIACategory:Portuguese forms superseded in 1911#SYRIA

    Swahili

    Swahili Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia sw

    Etymology

    Borrowed from EnglishCategory:Swahili terms borrowed from English#SYRIACategory:Swahili terms derived from English#SYRIA Syria.

    Proper noun

    SyriaCategory:Swahili lemmas#SYRIACategory:Swahili proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Swahili entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:sw:Syria#SYRIACategory:sw:Syria#SYRIACategory:sw:Countries in Asia#SYRIA
      Synonyms: Siria, Shamu (proscribed)

    Derived terms

    Welsh

    Welsh Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia cy

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    Syria f (not mutable)Category:Welsh lemmas#SYRIACategory:Welsh proper nouns#SYRIACategory:Welsh non-mutable terms#SYRIACategory:Welsh entries with incorrect language header#SYRIACategory:Welsh feminine nouns#SYRIACategory:Pages with entries#SYRIACategory:Pages with 10 entries#SYRIA

    1. Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)Category:cy:Syria#SYRIACategory:cy:Syria#SYRIACategory:cy:Countries in Asia#SYRIA

    Coordinate terms

    Derived terms

    Mutation

    Mutated forms of Syria
    radical soft nasal aspirate
    Syria unchanged unchanged unchanged
    Category:Welsh exonyms#SYRIA
    Category:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Category:Bruneian Malay Category:English 3-syllable words Category:English exonyms Category:English lemmas Category:English links with redundant target parameters Category:English proper nouns Category:English terms derived from Akkadian Category:English terms derived from Ancient Greek Category:English terms derived from Latin Category:English terms derived from Middle English Category:English terms inherited from Middle English Category:English terms suffixed with -ia (place) Category:English terms with IPA pronunciation Category:English terms with audio pronunciation Category:English terms with historical senses Category:English terms with quotations Category:English uncountable nouns Category:Entries with translation boxes Category:Hausa links with redundant target parameters Category:Latin 3-syllable words Category:Latin entries referencing missing etymons Category:Latin feminine nouns Category:Latin feminine nouns in the first declension Category:Latin first declension nouns Category:Latin lemmas Category:Latin proper nouns Category:Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek Category:Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek Category:Latin terms spelled with Y Category:Latin terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Latin terms with historical senses Category:Latin terms with transferred senses Category:Malay 2-syllable words Category:Malay lemmas Category:Malay proper nouns Category:Malay terms borrowed from English Category:Malay terms derived from English Category:Malay terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Malay unadapted borrowings from English Category:Malaysian Malay Category:New Latin Category:Norwegian Bokmål lemmas Category:Norwegian Bokmål proper nouns Category:Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas Category:Norwegian Nynorsk proper nouns Category:Old English lemmas Category:Old English masculine n-stem nouns Category:Old English masculine nouns Category:Old English proper nouns Category:Old English terms borrowed from Latin Category:Old English terms derived from Latin Category:Old English terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Pages with 10 entries Category:Pages with entries Category:Polish 2-syllable words Category:Polish feminine nouns Category:Polish lemmas Category:Polish links with manual fragments Category:Polish links with redundant alt parameters Category:Polish links with redundant target parameters Category:Polish links with redundant wikilinks Category:Polish proper nouns Category:Polish terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Polish terms with audio pronunciation Category:Portuguese feminine nouns Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1911 Category:Portuguese forms superseded in 1943 Category:Portuguese lemmas Category:Portuguese proper nouns Category:Portuguese terms spelled with Y Category:Portuguese uncountable proper nouns Category:Rhymes:English/ɪɹiə Category:Rhymes:English/ɪɹiə/3 syllables Category:Rhymes:Polish/ɘrja Category:Rhymes:Polish/ɘrja/2 syllables Category:Singapore Malay Category:Swahili lemmas Category:Swahili proper nouns Category:Swahili terms borrowed from English Category:Swahili terms derived from English Category:Terms with Abkhaz translations Category:Terms with Afrikaans translations Category:Terms with Albanian translations Category:Terms with Amharic translations Category:Terms with Ancient Greek translations Category:Terms with Arabic translations Category:Terms with Aramaic translations Category:Terms with Armenian translations Category:Terms with Assamese translations Category:Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations Category:Terms with Asturian translations Category:Terms with Azerbaijani translations Category:Terms with Bashkir translations Category:Terms with Belarusian translations Category:Terms with Bengali translations Category:Terms with Breton translations Category:Terms with Bulgarian translations Category:Terms with Burmese translations Category:Terms with Cantonese translations Category:Terms with Catalan translations Category:Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations Category:Terms with Central Kurdish translations Category:Terms with Cherokee translations Category:Terms with Classical Syriac translations Category:Terms with Coptic translations Category:Terms with Crimean Tatar translations Category:Terms with Czech translations Category:Terms with Danish translations Category:Terms with Dari translations Category:Terms with Dutch translations Category:Terms with Esperanto translations Category:Terms with Estonian translations Category:Terms with Farefare translations Category:Terms with Faroese translations Category:Terms with Finnish translations Category:Terms with French translations Category:Terms with Galician translations Category:Terms with Georgian translations Category:Terms with German translations Category:Terms with Greek translations Category:Terms with Hakka translations Category:Terms with Hausa translations Category:Terms with Hebrew translations Category:Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations Category:Terms with Hindi translations Category:Terms with Hokkien translations Category:Terms with Hungarian translations Category:Terms with Icelandic translations Category:Terms with Indonesian translations Category:Terms with Interlingua translations Category:Terms with Iranian Persian translations Category:Terms with Irish translations Category:Terms with Italian translations Category:Terms with Japanese translations Category:Terms with Kalenjin translations Category:Terms with Kamba translations Category:Terms with Kannada translations Category:Terms with Kashubian translations Category:Terms with Kazakh translations Category:Terms with Khmer translations Category:Terms with Kikuyu translations Category:Terms with Korean translations Category:Terms with Krymchak translations Category:Terms with Kyrgyz translations Category:Terms with Lao translations Category:Terms with Latvian translations Category:Terms with Lithuanian translations Category:Terms with Luhya translations Category:Terms with Luo translations Category:Terms with Macedonian translations Category:Terms with Malay translations Category:Terms with Manchu translations Category:Terms with Mandarin translations Category:Terms with Marathi translations Category:Terms with Meru translations Category:Terms with Middle French translations Category:Terms with Mongolian translations Category:Terms with Māori translations Category:Terms with Navajo translations Category:Terms with Norman translations Category:Terms with Northern Kurdish translations Category:Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations Category:Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations Category:Terms with Old French translations Category:Terms with Old Norse translations Category:Terms with Oromo translations Category:Terms with Pashto translations Category:Terms with Persian translations Category:Terms with Polish translations Category:Terms with Portuguese translations Category:Terms with Romanian translations Category:Terms with Russian translations Category:Terms with Sanskrit translations Category:Terms with Scots translations Category:Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations Category:Terms with Sindhi translations Category:Terms with Sinhalese translations Category:Terms with Slovak translations Category:Terms with Slovene translations Category:Terms with Spanish translations Category:Terms with Swahili translations Category:Terms with Swedish translations Category:Terms with Tagalog translations Category:Terms with Tajik translations Category:Terms with Tatar translations Category:Terms with Telugu translations Category:Terms with Thai translations Category:Terms with Tibetan translations Category:Terms with Turkish translations Category:Terms with Turkmen translations Category:Terms with Ukrainian translations Category:Terms with Urdu translations Category:Terms with Uyghur translations Category:Terms with Uzbek translations Category:Terms with Vietnamese translations Category:Terms with West Circassian translations Category:Terms with Yakut translations Category:Terms with Yiddish translations Category:Terms with Yoruba translations Category:Terms with Zazaki translations Category:Visual dictionary Category:Welsh exonyms Category:Welsh feminine nouns Category:Welsh lemmas Category:Welsh links with redundant wikilinks Category:Welsh non-mutable terms Category:Welsh proper nouns Category:Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Zazaki terms in nonstandard scripts Category:ang:Syria Category:cy:Countries in Asia Category:cy:Syria Category:en:Countries in Asia Category:en:Former political divisions Category:en:Geographic and cultural areas Category:en:Syria Category:la:Countries in Asia Category:la:Former political divisions Category:la:Geographic and cultural areas Category:la:Syria Category:ms:Countries in Asia Category:ms:Syria Category:nb:Countries in Asia Category:nb:Syria Category:nn:Countries in Asia Category:nn:Syria Category:pl:Countries in Asia Category:pl:Syria Category:sw:Countries in Asia Category:sw:Syria