light

See also: Light

English

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Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Light
Category:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-#LIGHT
    Category:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-#LIGHTCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Old English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:Pages with etymology trees#LIGHTCategory:English entries with etymology trees#LIGHT

    From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#LIGHT light, liht, leoht, from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Old English#LIGHT lēoht, from Proto-West GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHT *leuht, from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHT *leuhtą, from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHT *lewktom, from the root *lewk- (to shine).

    Noun

    light (countable and uncountable, plural lights)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English nouns#LIGHTCategory:English uncountable nouns#LIGHTCategory:English countable nouns#LIGHTCategory:English countable nouns#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. (physicsCategory:en:Physics#LIGHT, uncountableCategory:English uncountable nouns#LIGHT) Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye (about 400–750 nanometers): visible light.
      As you can see, this spacious dining-room gets a lot of light in the mornings.
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    2. (by extension) Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye or in nearby ranges (infrared or ultraviolet radiation).
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    3. (by extension, less commonly) Electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength.
      • 2017, Bob Berman, Zapped: From Infrared to X-rays, the Curious History of Invisible Light, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, pages 8-9:
        It’s everywhere. At this moment, as you sit quietly reading this book, you are awash in it. At work, it’s emanating from your electronic devices; step outside for lunch, and the sun bathes you in it. You may receive an extra dose of it when you visit your doctor, pass through security at the airport, or drive through city streets, but minuscule amounts of it are with you always. You cannot see, hear, smell, or feel it, but there is never a single second when it is not flying through your body. Too much of it will kill you, but without it you wouldn’t live a year. “Invisible light” seems like a contradiction. Like Simon and Garfunkel’s “The Sound of Silence,” it’s an oxymoron. We think of light, by definition, as something seen, something that enables our seeing, illuminating the darkness. Unlike dogs, who sniff in order to “get” what an object is, we depend on vision above all our other senses. We rely on light to tell us about our surroundings. But just as there are frequencies of sound audible to other animals that we cannot hear, there is a whole world of light outside our range of vision, a world that is humming with activity. Though we rarely think about this invisible world, our way of life depends on it. It’s because of invisible light that you can do things such as send a text message, use GPS to find your way to a friend’s house, listen to the radio, or microwave a frozen pizza. Invisible light shows us things we would never otherwise see, including our own skeletons and brains and the history of our universe. I was reminded of just how much we rely on invisible light, and how mysterious it remains to us, during a visit from my sister and her family. It was a lazy summer afternoon, and we were sprawled across a few couches sharing a bowl of popcorn. My niece, her shoulders crimson after a day outdoors, was chatting on her cell phone, holding up a promising finger to her mother, who was scolding her for not using sunscreen. My brother-in-law, meanwhile, was asking my opinion on an article he’d read proposing that Wi-Fi be banned in schools because of its dangers. We were all depending on invisible light (for the microwave popcorn, the cell-phone service) while being concerned that it might harm us (sunburn, mysterious Wi-Fi health threats) and confused about what to do to protect ourselves. We need it, and it surrounds us, yet we remain uneasy about living with invisible light, partly because we fear what is unknown. After all, most of us don’t know much about “all the light we cannot see.” This book aims to change that. My hope is to expose the hidden side of the spectrum, to make the invisible (at least temporarily) visible and vivid to you.
        Category:English terms with quotations#LIGHT
    4. (countableCategory:English countable nouns#LIGHT) A source of illumination.
      Put that light out!
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
      1. A lightbulb or similar light-emitting device, regardless of whether it is lit.
        We turned off all the lights and went to sleep.
        Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
      2. A traffic light, or (by extension) an intersection controlled by traffic lights.
        To get to our house, turn right at the third light.
        Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    5. (figurative) Spiritual or mental illumination; enlightenment, useful information.
      Can you throw any light on this problem?
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    6. (in the plural, now rareCategory:English terms with rare senses#LIGHT) Facts; pieces of information; ideas, concepts.
    7. A notable person within a specific field or discipline.
      Picasso was one of the leading lights of the cubist movement.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    8. (paintingCategory:en:Painting#LIGHT) The manner in which the light strikes a picture; that part of a picture which represents those objects upon which the light is supposed to fall; the more illuminated part of a landscape or other scene; opposed to shade.
    9. A point of view, or aspect from which a concept, person or thing is regarded.
      I'm really seeing you in a different light today.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
      Magoon's governorship in Cuba was viewed in a negative light by many Cuban historians for years thereafter.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    10. A flame or something used to create fire.
      1. (slangCategory:English slang#LIGHT) A cigarette lighter.
    11. A firework made by filling a case with a substance which burns brilliantly with a white or coloured flame.
    12. A window in architecture, carriage design, or motor car design: either the opening itself or the window pane of glass that fills it, if any.
      Hyponyms: backlight, sidelight, transom
      This facade has eight south-facing lights.
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    13. (crosswordingCategory:en:Crosswording#LIGHT) The series of squares reserved for the answer to a crossword clue.
      The average length of a light on a 15×15 grid is 7 or 8.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    14. (informalCategory:English informal terms#LIGHT) A cross-light in a double acrostic or triple acrostic.
    15. Open view; a visible state or condition; public observation; publicity.
    16. The power of perception by vision: eyesight (sightedness; vision).
    17. The brightness of the eye or eyes.
    Synonyms
    Hypernyms
    Hyponyms
    forms of illumination (sense 2)
    Derived terms
    Descendants
    Translations

    References

    Etymology 2

    From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#LIGHT lighten, lihten, from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Old English#LIGHT līehtan (to light, to shine), from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHT *liuhtijaną, from *leuhtą + *-janą. Cognate with German leuchten (to shine).

    Verb

    light (third-person singular simple present lights, present participle lighting, simple past and past participle lit or (now uncommon) lighted or (obsolete) light)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English verbs#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#LIGHT) To start (a fire).
      Synonym: set
      Antonyms: extinguish, put out, quench
      We lit the fire to get some heat.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    2. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#LIGHT) To set fire to; to set burning.
      Synonyms: ignite, kindle, conflagrate; see also Thesaurus:kindle
      Antonyms: extinguish, put out, quench
    3. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#LIGHT) To illuminate; to provide light for when it is dark.
      Synonyms: illuminate, light up; see also Thesaurus:illuminate
      I used my torch to light the way home through the woods in the night.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    4. (intransitiveCategory:English intransitive verbs#LIGHT) To become ignited; to take fire.
      Synonyms: catch fire, ignite, conflagrate; see also Thesaurus:combust
      This soggy match will not light.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    5. To attend or conduct with a light; to show the way to by means of a light.
    6. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#LIGHT, pinballCategory:en:Pinball#LIGHT) To make (a bonus) available to be collected by hitting a target, and thus light up the feature light corresponding to that bonus to indicate its availability.
      Light the extra ball by amassing 500 million points in the wizard mode.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    Derived terms
    Translations
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

    Etymology 3

    From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#LIGHT light, liht, leoht, from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Old English#LIGHT lēoht (luminous, bright, light, clear, resplendent, renowned, beautiful), from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHT *leuhtaz (light), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHT *lewk- (light). Cognate with Saterland Frisian ljoacht (light), Dutch licht, German licht.

    Adjective

    light (comparative lighter, superlative lightest)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English adjectives#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    A light-skinned black person.
    1. Having light; bright; clear; not dark or obscure.
      The room is light when the Sun shines through the window.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
      • 2023 March 22, Philip Haigh, “Five configuration stages to boost Manchester rail capacity”, in RAIL, number 979, page 31:
        Historic England explained the listing: "The station's unique design employs a high level of sophistication and innovation through its use of conoid shells supported on a cruck-like frame, which not only create a dramatic aesthetic form, but endow the building with a light and spacious interior."
        Category:English terms with quotations#LIGHT
    2. Pale or whitish in color; highly luminous and more or less deficient in chroma.
    3. (of coffee) Served with extra milk or cream.
    Synonyms
    Derived terms
    Translations

    Etymology 4

    From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#LIGHT liȝt, lyghte, from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Old English#LIGHT lēht, lēoht, līht, from Proto-West GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHT *lį̄ht, from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHT *linhtaz or *līhtaz (light (in weight)), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHT *h₁lengʷʰ- (lightweight).

    Adjective

    light (comparative lighter, superlative lightest)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English adjectives#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. Having little or relatively little actual weight; not heavy; not cumbrous or unwieldy.
      a light load ; a lighter backpack after having removed the books ; light weapons
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    2. Having little weight as compared with bulk; of little density or specific gravity.
      feathers and cork are light ; oil is lighter than waterCategory:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    3. Of short or insufficient weight; weighing less than the legal, standard, or proper amount; clipped or diminished.
    4. Lacking that which burdens or makes heavy.
      1. Free from burden or impediment; unencumbered.
      2. Lightly built; typically designed for speed or small loads.
      3. (militaryCategory:en:Military#LIGHT) Not heavily armed; armed with light weapons.
        light infantry; a troop of light horseCategory:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
      4. (nauticalCategory:en:Nautical#LIGHT, of a ship) Riding high because of no cargo; by extension, pertaining to a ship which is light.
        if a ship is light or partially loaded ; the light draft of a vessel, or its light displacementCategory:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
      5. (rail transportCategory:en:Rail transportation#LIGHT, of a locomotive or consist of locomotives) Without any piece of equipment attached or attached only to a caboose.
        the light locomotives ; a locomotive may be moved lightCategory:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
        • 1951 January, R. A. H. Weight, “A Railway Recorder in Essex and Hertfordshire”, in Railway Magazine, page 44:
          On that August Thursday afternoon, there was little freight traffic; a large "K3" Mogul went down with a short, fast goods, and a W.D. 2-8-0 proceeded northward light.
          Category:English terms with quotations#LIGHT
      6. With low viscosity.
    5. (cookingCategory:en:Cooking#LIGHT) Not heavy or soggy; spongy; well raised.
      a light bread ; sponge cake is a light cakeCategory:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    6. Low in fat, calories, alcohol, salt, etc.
      This light beer still gets you drunk if you have enough of it.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    7. Slight, not forceful or intense; small in amount or intensity.
      a light drizzle//a light rain was falling//a light snow set inCategory:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    8. Gentle; having little force or momentum.
      This artist clearly had a light, flowing touch.
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    9. Easy to endure or perform.
    10. Unimportant, trivial, having little value or significance.
      I made some light comment, and we moved on.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    11. (obsoleteCategory:English terms with obsolete senses#LIGHT) Unchaste, wanton.
    12. Not encumbered; unembarrassed; clear of impediments; hence, active; nimble; swift.
    13. Fast; nimble.
    14. (datedCategory:English dated terms#LIGHT) Easily influenced by trifling considerations; unsteady; unsettled; volatile.
      a light, vain person; a light mind
    15. Indulging in, or inclined to, levity; lacking dignity or solemnity; frivolous; airy.
      Ogden Nash was a writer of light verse.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    16. Not quite sound or normal; somewhat impaired or deranged; dizzy; giddy.
    17. Easily interrupted by stimulation.
      light sleep; light anesthesia
    18. Cheerful.
    Synonyms
    Antonyms
    Derived terms
    Translations
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

    Adverb

    light (comparative lighter, superlative lightest)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English adverbs#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. Carrying little.
    Derived terms
    Translations

    Noun

    light (plural lights)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English nouns#LIGHTCategory:English countable nouns#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. (curlingCategory:en:Curling#LIGHT) A stone that is not thrown hard enough.
    2. See lights (lungs).
    3. (AustraliaCategory:Australian English#LIGHT, uncountableCategory:English uncountable nouns#LIGHT) A low-alcohol lager.
    4. (militaryCategory:en:Military#LIGHT, historicalCategory:English terms with historical senses#LIGHT) A member of the light cavalry.

    Verb

    light (third-person singular simple present lights, present participle lighting, simple past and past participle lighted)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English verbs#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. (nauticalCategory:en:Nautical#LIGHT) To unload a ship, or to jettison material to make it lighter
    2. To lighten; to ease of a burden; to take off.
    3. (by extension) To leave; to depart.
    Derived terms
    Translations

    Etymology 5

    From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#LIGHT lighten, from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Old English#LIGHT līhtan (to relieve), from Proto-West GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHT *lį̄htijan, from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHT *linhtijaną, from *linhtaz (light).

    Verb

    light (third-person singular simple present lights, present participle lighting, simple past and past participle lit or lighted or (obsolete) light)Category:English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:English verbs#LIGHTCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. To find by chance.
      I lit upon a rare book in a second-hand bookseller's.Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    2. To stop upon (of eyes or a glance); to notice
    3. (archaicCategory:English terms with archaic senses#LIGHT) To alight; to land or come down.
      She fell out of the window but luckily lit on her feet.
      Category:English terms with usage examples#LIGHT
    Synonyms
    Derived terms
    Translations
    Category:English irregular verbs#LIGHT Category:en:Energy#LIGHTCategory:en:Light sources#LIGHT

    French

    Etymology

    Borrowed from EnglishCategory:French terms borrowed from English#LIGHTCategory:French terms derived from English#LIGHT light.

    Pronunciation

    Adjective

    light (invariable)Category:French lemmas#LIGHTCategory:French adjectives#LIGHTCategory:French entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

    1. light, slight
    2. (of food) diet, low-fat, fat-free, light

    Middle English

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Old EnglishCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Old English#LIGHT lēoht (light, daylight; power of vision; luminary; world), from Proto-West GermanicCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHT *leuht, from Proto-GermanicCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHT *leuhtą (light), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHT *lewktom, from the root *lewk- (light).

      Category:Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Old English#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#LIGHTCategory:Middle English terms inherited from Old English#LIGHTCategory:Pages with etymology trees#LIGHTCategory:Middle English entries with etymology trees#LIGHT

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      lightCategory:Middle English lemmas#LIGHTCategory:Middle English nouns#LIGHTCategory:Middle English entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT (plural lightes)

      1. The radiation which allows for vision by brightening objects and colours.
      2. Illumination in general, or any source thereof.
      3. The metaphorical clarity resulting from philosophical or religious ideals such as truth, wisdom, righteousness, etc.
      4. Mental or spiritual acuity; the presence of life in a living being.
      5. (chemistryCategory:enm:Chemistry#LIGHT) The property of lustre; how shiny a substance is.
      6. (religionCategory:enm:Religion#LIGHT) Heavenly radiance; glory
      7. (architectureCategory:enm:Architecture#LIGHT) an opening in a wall allowing for the transmission of light; a window.
      8. The sense of sight.
      9. The state of being easily seen.

      Descendants

      References

      Category:enm:Light#LIGHTCategory:enm:Light sources#LIGHTCategory:enm:Vision#LIGHT

      Portuguese

      Etymology

      Unadapted borrowing from EnglishCategory:Portuguese terms borrowed from English#LIGHTCategory:Portuguese unadapted borrowings from English#LIGHTCategory:Portuguese terms derived from English#LIGHT light. Doublet of leve, léu, and ligeiroCategory:Portuguese doublets#LIGHT.

      Pronunciation

      Adjective

      light (invariable)Category:Portuguese lemmas#LIGHTCategory:Portuguese adjectives#LIGHTCategory:Portuguese indeclinable adjectives#LIGHTCategory:Portuguese entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

      1. (of food) light (low in fat, calories, alcohol, salt or other undesirable substances)

      Further reading

      Spanish

      Etymology

      Unadapted borrowing from EnglishCategory:Spanish terms borrowed from English#LIGHTCategory:Spanish unadapted borrowings from English#LIGHTCategory:Spanish terms derived from English#LIGHT light.

      Pronunciation

      Adjective

      light (invariable)Category:Spanish lemmas#LIGHTCategory:Spanish adjectives#LIGHTCategory:Spanish indeclinable adjectives#LIGHTCategory:Spanish entries with incorrect language header#LIGHTCategory:Pages with entries#LIGHTCategory:Pages with 5 entries#LIGHT

      1. light (low in fat, calories, salt, alcohol, etc.)
      2. (of cigarettes) light (low in tar, nicotine and other noxious chemicals)
      3. (by extension) Lacking substance or seriousness; lite

      Usage notes

      According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

      Further reading

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