Wikimore

See also: 曺

曹	U+66F9, 曹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66F9

← 書
[U+66F8]

CJK Unified Ideographs Category:CJK Unified Ideographs block#*0000026361

曺 →
[U+66FA]

Category:Han script characters#%20

Translingual

Han character

曹Category:Translingual lemmas#曰07曹 Category:Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#曰07曹 Category:Translingual symbols#曰07曹 Category:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#曰07曹 Category:Translingual entries with incorrect language header#曰07曹 Category:Pages with entries#曹 Category:Pages with 5 entries#曹 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+7, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 廿田日 (TWA), four-corner 5560₆, composition ⿱⿻一曲曰)Category:Han script characters#曰07曹

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 502, character 13

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14297

Dae Jaweon: page 876, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1511, character 6

Unihan data for U+66F9

Chinese

simp. and trad.		曹
alternative forms		曺㯥𣍘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 曹
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (曹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
遭	*ʔsluː
糟	*ʔsluː
醩	*ʔsluːu
傮	*ʔsluː
槽	ʔsluː, zluː
曹	*zluː
螬	*zluː
漕	zluː, zluːs
嘈	*zluː
艚	*zluː
褿	*zluː
蓸	*zluː
慒	lju, zluːŋ

Originally 㯥 (cáo), an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意)Category:Han ideogrammic compounds#曰07: two bundles 東. The original meaning is "pair; peer, same kind". Later, 囗 was added as a distinguishing mark, which corrupted into 甘 in bronze inscriptions and 曰 in Seal Script, thus arriving at the intermediate character form 𣍘. The top two 東 have merged and now resemble 曲 with an extra stroke.

Unrelated to 曲 and 典.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cáo (cao²Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#曹)

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄠˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cou⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): tau³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhò

(Hailu, HRS): co

(Meixian, Guangdong): cau²
Northern Min (KCR): cǎu
Eastern Min (BUC): cò̤
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zor²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chô / chô͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): cao⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cáo
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cáo
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻao²
  - Yale: tsáu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaur
  - Palladius: цао (cao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cou⁴
  - Yale: chòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: tau³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhò
  - Hakka Romanization System: co^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: co²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰo¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: co
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰo⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cau²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǎu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sau²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cò̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zor²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: có̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zor²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chô
  - Tâi-lô: tsô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zooi
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /t͡so²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɤ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡so¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chô͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zoo
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cao⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zau
  - MiniDict: zau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: dzaw

Rime
Character	曹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	昨勞切
Baxter	dzaw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zaw/
Li Rong	/d͡zɑu/
Wang Li	/d͡zɑu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cou⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-tsˤu/

(Zhengzhang): /*zluː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cáo
Middle Chinese	‹ dzaw ›
Old Chinese	/*N-tsˁu/
English	come together; pair
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曹
Reading #	1/1
No.	1154
Phonetic component	曹
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	曹
Old Chinese	/*zluː/
Notes	金文下非曰字，上從二東，象列置衆種子之器，乃槽初文