-ta-
Kikuyu
Pronunciation
Particle
-ta-Category:Kikuyu lemmas#TA-Category:Kikuyu particles#TA-Category:Kikuyu entries with incorrect language header#TA-Category:Pages with entries#TA-Category:Pages with 3 entries#TA-
- (with a class prefix and a verb) without ...ing
- kĩiniĩ gĩtaita ― something upside down without leakingCategory:Kikuyu terms with usage examples#TA-
- Mũndũ ũtathiaga oigaga no nyina ũrugaga wega. ― One who does not travel says only his mother is a good cook.Category:Kikuyu terms with usage examples#TA-
Further reading
- “-ta-” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 423. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Swahili
Etymology
Category:Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu#TA-Category:Swahili terms derived from the Proto-Bantu root *-càk-#TA-From -taka (“to want”). Doublet of -taka-Category:Swahili doublets#TA-.
Pronunciation
- (Unguja standard) IPA(key): /tɑ/Category:Swahili terms with IPA pronunciation#TA-
- (Kimvita) IPA(key): /t̪ɑ/Category:Swahili terms with IPA pronunciation#TA-
Category:Swahili terms with audio pronunciation#TA-Audio (Kenya): (file)
In Kimvita, the pronunciation becomes /t̪ʰɑ/ when preceded by n-.
Infix
-ta-Category:Swahili lemmas#TA-Category:Swahili infixes#TA-Category:Swahili entries with incorrect language header#TA-Category:Pages with entries#TA-Category:Pages with 3 entries#TA-
- will, positive and negative future tense marker
- Near-synonym: -taka- (“relative positive future tense marker”)
- watakwenda ― they will goCategory:Swahili terms with usage examples#TA-
- sitakisoma ― I will not read itCategory:Swahili terms with usage examples#TA-
Conjugation
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | nita- | tuta- | |
| 2nd person | uta- | mta- | |
| 3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) | ata- | wata- |
| m-mi(III/IV) | uta- | ita- | |
| ji-ma(V/VI) | lita- | yata- | |
| ki-vi(VII/VIII) | kita- | vita- | |
| n(IX/X) | ita- | zita- | |
| u(XI) | uta- | see n(X) or ma(VI) | |
| ku(XV/XVII) | kuta- | ||
| pa(XVI) | pata- | ||
| mu(XVIII) | mta- | ||
For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | sita- | hatuta- | |
| 2nd person | huta- | hamta- | |
| 3rd person |
m-wa(I/II) | hata- | hawata- |
| m-mi(III/IV) | hauta- | haita- | |
| ji-ma(V/VI) | halita- | hayata- | |
| ki-vi(VII/VIII) | hakita- | havita- | |
| n(IX/X) | haita- | hazita- | |
| u(XI) | hauta- | see n(X) or ma(VI) | |
| ku(XV/XVII) | hakuta- | ||
| pa(XVI) | hapata- | ||
| mu(XVIII) | hamta- | ||
For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.
See also
- Initial
- Final
- Infix position positive subject concord
- Positive past: -li-
- Positive present: -na-
- Positive future: -ta-
- Negative subjunctive: -si-1
- Positive present conditional: -nge-
- Negative present conditional: -singe-
- Positive past conditional: -ngali-
- Negative past conditional: -singali-
- Gnomic: -a-1
- Perfect: -me-
- "Already" past: -lisha-
- "Already" present: -mesha-/-sha-
- "If/When": -ki-1
- "If not": -sipo-
- Consecutive: -ka-1
- "Even if/Though": -nga-1 (dated)
- Infix position negative subject concord
- Relative
1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.
Tooro
Alternative forms
Etymology
Potential cognate with Kikuyu -ta- (“"without" infix”), Herero -ha- (“negative infinitive infix”), Kwanyama -ha- (“negative infinitive infix”) and Chichewa -sa- (“negative infinitive infix”).
Pronunciation
Infix
-ta-Category:Tooro lemmas#TA-Category:Tooro infixes#TA-Category:Tooro entries with incorrect language header#TA-Category:Pages with entries#TA-Category:Pages with 3 entries#TA-
- negative marker:
- negative relative marker
- negative infinitive marker
- negative subjunctive marker
- (with suffix -e) negative remote past marker
Usage notes
ti- is used for all other negative tense–aspect–mood constructions.
References
- Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary, Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 315