border
English
Etymology
Inherited from Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#BORDERCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#BORDER bordure, from Old FrenchCategory:English terms derived from Old French#BORDER bordeure, of GermanicCategory:English terms derived from Germanic languages#BORDER origin, from FrankishCategory:English terms derived from Frankish#BORDER *bord, equivalent to modern French bord (“a border”) + -er.
Akin to Middle High German borte (“border, trim”), German Borte (“ribbon, trimming”). Doublet of bordureCategory:English doublets#BORDER. More at board.
Further cognate to English board, Old Norse barð (“edge”), Swedish bård (“edge”), also English beard, German Bart (“beard”) (edge of the face) etc.
Pronunciation
- (horse–hoarse merger)
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈbɔə.də/Category:English 2-syllable words#BORDERCategory:English terms with IPA pronunciation#BORDER
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbɔː.də/Category:English 2-syllable words#BORDERCategory:English terms with IPA pronunciation#BORDER
Category:English terms with audio pronunciation#BORDERAudio (UK); “a border”: (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ˈbɔɹ.dɚ/, [ˈbo̞ɹ.dɚ]Category:English 2-syllable words#BORDERCategory:English terms with IPA pronunciation#BORDER
Category:English terms with audio pronunciation#BORDERAudio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)də(ɹ)Category:Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)də(ɹ)#BORDERCategory:Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)də(ɹ)/2 syllables#BORDER
- Homophone: boarder (horse–hoarse merger)Category:English terms with homophones#BORDER
- (without the horse–hoarse merger)
Noun
border (countable and uncountable, plural borders)Category:English lemmas#BORDERCategory:English nouns#BORDERCategory:English uncountable nouns#BORDERCategory:English countable nouns#BORDERCategory:English countable nouns#BORDERCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#BORDERCategory:Pages with entries#BORDERCategory:Pages with 4 entries#BORDER
- The line or frontier area separating political or geographical regions.
- The border between Canada and USA is the longest in the world.Category:English terms with usage examples#BORDER
- 1950 January, “Crossing the Border”, in Railway Magazine, page 2:
- The identification of the border between England and Scotland always has been a source of interest to railway travellers. For many years, however, the exact points north of Berwick and Carlisle at which the Anglo-Scottish main lines passed from one country to the other were not defined, but the erection of clear and unmistakable lineside signs has put the matter beyond all doubt.Category:English terms with quotations#BORDER
- 2013, Nicholas Watt and Nick Hopkins, Afghanistan bomb: UK to 'look carefully' at use of vehicles(in The Guardian, 1 May 2013)
- The Ministry of Defence said on Wednesday the men had been killed on Tuesday in the Nahr-e Saraj district of Helmand province, on the border of Kandahar just north of the provincial capital Lashkar Gah.
- 23 June 2018, Mattha Busb, The Independent, Jogger crosses US-Canada border by mistake, is held for two weeks in detention centre
- A French tourist who accidentally crossed the border into the US from Canada during an evening jog was sent to a detention centre 125 miles away and held for two weeks until she was released.
- The outer edge of something.
- the borders of the gardenCategory:English terms with collocations#BORDER
- 1843, Jeremy Bentham, Principles of Morals and Legislation, Fragment on Government, Civil Code, Penal Law:
- upon the borders of these solitudesCategory:English terms with quotations#BORDER
- a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number)”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:
- in the borders of deathCategory:English terms with quotations#BORDER
- A decorative strip around the edge of something.
- There’s a nice frilly border around the picture frame.Category:English terms with usage examples#BORDER
- a solid border around a table of figuresCategory:English terms with usage examples#BORDER
- A strip of ground in which ornamental plants are grown.
- (BritishCategory:British English#BORDER, uncountableCategory:English uncountable nouns#BORDER) Border morris or border dancing.
- (computingCategory:en:Computing#BORDER) A string that is both a prefix and a suffix of another particular string.
Derived terms
- boda-boda
- border ballad
- border blaster
- Border City
- border collie
- border control
- border czar
- borderer
- border fancy
- border gore
- border guard
- borderism
- border jumper
- borderland
- Border Leicester
- borderless
- borderline
- borderlinking
- border patrol
- borderplex
- border post
- Border Ranges
- border reiver
- borderspace
- borderspacing
- border state
- border stone
- borderstone
- border town
- Bordertown
- borderwide
- borderwork
- brush border
- cross border
- cross-border
- cross-border ticket
- cyberborder
- deborder
- e-border
- emborder
- interborder
- language border
- north of the border
- reborder
- transborder
- Two Borders
- unborder
- vermilion border
Descendants
- Swahili: bodaboda
Translations
Verb
border (third-person singular simple present borders, present participle bordering, simple past and past participle bordered)Category:English lemmas#BORDERCategory:English verbs#BORDERCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#BORDERCategory:Pages with entries#BORDERCategory:Pages with 4 entries#BORDER
- (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#BORDER) To put a border on something.
- (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#BORDER) To form a border around; to bound.
- (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#BORDER) To lie on, or adjacent to, a border of.
- Denmark borders Germany to the south.Category:English terms with usage examples#BORDER
- (intransitiveCategory:English intransitive verbs#BORDER) To touch at a border (with on, upon, or with).
- Connecticut borders on Massachusetts.Category:English terms with usage examples#BORDER
- (intransitiveCategory:English intransitive verbs#BORDER) To approach; to come near to; to verge (with on or upon).
- 1671, John Tillotson, “Sermon II. The Folly of Scoffing at Religion. 2 Pet[er] III. 3.”, in The Works of the Most Reverend Dr. John Tillotson, Late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury: […], London: […] B. Aylmer, […]; [a]nd W. Rogers, […], published 1696, →OCLC:
- Wit which borders upon profaneness […] deserves to be branded as folly.Category:English terms with quotations#BORDER
Derived terms
Translations
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also
Anagrams
Category:English terms with early reduction of Middle English /iu̯r(ə)/#BORDERFrench
Category:Requests for attention concerning French#BORDER
Etymology
From bord + -erCategory:French terms suffixed with -er (verbal)#BORDER, of GermanicCategory:French terms derived from Germanic languages#BORDER origin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔʁ.de/Category:French 2-syllable words#BORDERCategory:French terms with IPA pronunciation#BORDER
Category:French terms with audio pronunciation#BORDERAudio: (file)
Category:French terms with audio pronunciation#BORDERAudio (Switzerland (Valais)): (file)
Category:French terms with audio pronunciation#BORDERAudio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
borderCategory:French lemmas#BORDERCategory:French verbs#BORDERCategory:French entries with incorrect language header#BORDERCategory:Pages with entries#BORDERCategory:Pages with 4 entries#BORDER
Conjugation
| infinitive | simple | border | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | bordant /bɔʁ.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | bordé /bɔʁ.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordes /bɔʁd/ |
borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordons /bɔʁ.dɔ̃/ |
bordez /bɔʁ.de/ |
bordent /bɔʁd/ |
| imperfect | bordais /bɔʁ.dɛ/ |
bordais /bɔʁ.dɛ/ |
bordait /bɔʁ.dɛ/ |
bordions /bɔʁ.djɔ̃/ |
bordiez /bɔʁ.dje/ |
bordaient /bɔʁ.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | bordai /bɔʁ.de/ |
bordas /bɔʁ.da/ |
borda /bɔʁ.da/ |
bordâmes /bɔʁ.dam/ |
bordâtes /bɔʁ.dat/ |
bordèrent /bɔʁ.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | borderai /bɔʁ.də.ʁe/ |
borderas /bɔʁ.də.ʁa/ |
bordera /bɔʁ.də.ʁa/ |
borderons /bɔʁ.də.ʁɔ̃/ |
borderez /bɔʁ.də.ʁe/ |
borderont /bɔʁ.də.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | borderais /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ |
borderais /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ |
borderait /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ |
borderions /bɔʁ.də.ʁjɔ̃/ |
borderiez /bɔʁ.də.ʁje/ |
borderaient /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordes /bɔʁd/ |
borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordions /bɔʁ.djɔ̃/ |
bordiez /bɔʁ.dje/ |
bordent /bɔʁd/ |
| imperfect2 | bordasse /bɔʁ.das/ |
bordasses /bɔʁ.das/ |
bordât /bɔʁ.da/ |
bordassions /bɔʁ.da.sjɔ̃/ |
bordassiez /bɔʁ.da.sje/ |
bordassent /bɔʁ.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | borde /bɔʁd/ |
— | bordons /bɔʁ.dɔ̃/ |
bordez /bɔʁ.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “border”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Anagrams
Middle English
Noun
borderCategory:Middle English alternative forms#BORDERCategory:Middle English entries with incorrect language header#BORDERCategory:Pages with entries#BORDERCategory:Pages with 4 entries#BORDER
- alternative form of bourdour
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
Alternative forms
Noun
border nCategory:Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms#BORDERCategory:Norwegian Bokmål noun forms#BORDERCategory:Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header#BORDERCategory:Pages with entries#BORDERCategory:Pages with 4 entries#BORDER
- indefinite plural of bord
Etymology 2
Noun
border mCategory:Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms#BORDERCategory:Norwegian Bokmål noun forms#BORDERCategory:Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header#BORDERCategory:Pages with entries#BORDERCategory:Pages with 4 entries#BORDER
- indefinite plural of bord
