summon

English

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Etymology 1

Category:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SUMMONCategory:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think)#SUMMON

From Anglo-NormanCategory:English terms derived from Anglo-Norman#SUMMON somoundreCategory:English undefined derivations#SUMMON, from Old FrenchCategory:English terms derived from Old French#SUMMON sumundreCategory:English undefined derivations#SUMMON, from LatinCategory:English terms derived from Latin#SUMMON summonēreCategory:English undefined derivations#SUMMON, itself from sub + monēre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SUMMON *monéyeti, causative from *men- (to think).

Compare typologically from the same PIE root mention, Russian помина́ть (pominátʹ), упомина́ть (upominátʹ) (developed less further, keeping strong relation with по́мнить (pómnitʹ)), also compare помина́й как зва́ли (pomináj kak zváli) (<+ звать (zvatʹ)).

Pronunciation

Verb

summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)Category:English lemmas#SUMMONCategory:English verbs#SUMMONCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SUMMONCategory:Pages with entries#SUMMONCategory:Pages with 1 entry#SUMMON

  1. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SUMMON) To call people together; to convene; to convoke.
  2. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SUMMON) To ask someone to come; to send for.
    • 1995, Explorers & Discoverers, volume 2, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 753:
      The cousins separated, and Nain Singh joined a caravan posing as a merchant. This time he crossed the border successfully. Singh eventually entered Jih-k’a-tse, the second-largest city in Tibet. It was in Jih-k’a-tse that he was summoned to meet the country’s second-highest religious authority, the Panchen Lama, who turned out to be only 11 years old.
      Category:English terms with quotations#SUMMON
  3. To order (goods) and have delivered
    • 2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian:
      You can summon groceries, alcohol and medicines to your home: chips and vodka on New Year’s Eve, say, and then aspirin on New Year’s Day.
      Category:English terms with quotations#SUMMON
  4. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SUMMON) To rouse oneself to exert a skill.
    Synonyms: summon up, muster, muster up, draw
    • 1866, Pierre Bigandet, The Life or Legend of Gaudama, the Buddha of the Burmese, with annotations and notice on the Phongyies or Burmese monks, page 396:
      For securing the attainment of what he considered to be a most desirable end, he summoned all his abilities with a most praiseworthy energy and perseverance.
      Category:English terms with quotations#SUMMON
      Category:Quotation templates to be cleaned
    • 2011, Sister Louise Sweigart, cgs, Joseph: A Guiding Light, Inspiring Voices →ISBN, page 61
      Joseph needed to summon all his reserve to keep his self-control, for no sooner had Asa voiced his request than Joseph recalled his remark to Aaron about a child being given to this couple in lieu of their giving Mary to him.
    • November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, "Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United," guardian.co.uk
      City will feel nonplussed when they review the tape and Pellegrini had to summon all his restraint in the post-match interviews.
  5. (fantasyCategory:en:Fantasy#SUMMON, transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SUMMON) To call a resource by magic.
  6. (lawCategory:en:Law#SUMMON, transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SUMMON) To summons; convene.
Conjugation
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun

summon (plural summons)Category:English lemmas#SUMMONCategory:English nouns#SUMMONCategory:English countable nouns#SUMMONCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SUMMONCategory:Pages with entries#SUMMONCategory:Pages with 1 entry#SUMMON

  1. (video gamesCategory:en:Video games#SUMMON) A creature magically summoned to do the summoner's bidding.
    • 2023 October 30, Nyah Payne, “Baldur's Gate 3: Best Summons, Ranked”, in Gamerant:
      Conjuration magic in Baldur's Gate 3 allows players to summon a variety of helpful creatures [] These summons can assist players in combat and exploration, providing strategic advantages with their unique abilities.
      Category:English terms with quotations#SUMMON
  2. call, command, order (Can we add an example for this sense?)Category:Requests for example sentences in English#SUMMON
    • quoted in 2013, Robin Sterling, People and Things from the Cullman, Alabama Tribune 1898-1913 (page 172)
      The deceased was 58 years of age, was the picture of health even five or six hours prior to his death, when suddenly the grim messenger came with a summon from a Higher Tribunal, calling him to duties above.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from MalayCategory:English terms borrowed from Malay#SUMMONCategory:English terms derived from Malay#SUMMON saman (fine, financial penalty), which is itself borrowed from EnglishCategory:English terms borrowed back into English#SUMMON summons (notice summoning someone to appear in court). This sense re-emerged in English as summon likely due to the erroneous belief that the original singular English word summons is plural. Doublet of summons and samanCategory:English doublets#SUMMON.

Noun

summon (plural summons)Category:English lemmas#SUMMONCategory:English nouns#SUMMONCategory:English countable nouns#SUMMONCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SUMMONCategory:Pages with entries#SUMMONCategory:Pages with 1 entry#SUMMON

  1. (MalaysiaCategory:Malaysian English#SUMMON, colloquialCategory:English colloquialisms#SUMMON, slangCategory:English slang#SUMMON) A fine; a fee or monetary penalty incurred for breaking the law; usually for a minor offence such as a traffic violation.
    Synonyms: summons, saman
    You better pay off the parking summon tomorrow before you kena interest on it.Category:English terms with usage examples#SUMMON
  2. (MalaysiaCategory:Malaysian English#SUMMON, colloquialCategory:English colloquialisms#SUMMON, slangCategory:English slang#SUMMON) A notice of an infringement of the law, usually incurring such a penalty; a citation or ticket.
Derived terms

Verb

summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)Category:English lemmas#SUMMONCategory:English verbs#SUMMONCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SUMMONCategory:Pages with entries#SUMMONCategory:Pages with 1 entry#SUMMON

  1. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SUMMON, MalaysiaCategory:Malaysian English#SUMMON, colloquialCategory:English colloquialisms#SUMMON, slangCategory:English slang#SUMMON) To impose such a fine or penalty, or to issue a notice thereof.
    The police summoned the driver for speeding.Category:English terms with usage examples#SUMMON

Anagrams

Category:en:Fictional abilities#SUMMONCategory:en:Fictional characters#SUMMON
Category:English 2-syllable words Category:English colloquialisms Category:English countable nouns Category:English doublets Category:English lemmas Category:English nouns Category:English slang Category:English terms borrowed back into English Category:English terms borrowed from Malay Category:English terms derived from Anglo-Norman Category:English terms derived from Latin Category:English terms derived from Malay Category:English terms derived from Old French Category:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European Category:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think) Category:English terms with IPA pronunciation Category:English terms with audio pronunciation Category:English terms with quotations Category:English terms with usage examples Category:English transitive verbs Category:English undefined derivations Category:English verbs Category:Entries with translation boxes Category:Malaysian English Category:Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations Category:Pages using the WikiHiero extension Category:Pages with 1 entry Category:Pages with entries Category:Quotation templates to be cleaned Category:Requests for example sentences in English Category:Requests for review of Arabic translations Category:Requests for review of Korean translations Category:Requests for review of Mandarin translations Category:Requests for review of Old English translations Category:Rhymes:English/ʌmən Category:Rhymes:English/ʌmən/2 syllables Category:Terms with Arabic translations Category:Terms with Bulgarian translations Category:Terms with Catalan translations Category:Terms with Czech translations Category:Terms with Dutch translations Category:Terms with Egyptian translations Category:Terms with Esperanto translations Category:Terms with Finnish translations Category:Terms with French translations Category:Terms with Galician translations Category:Terms with German translations Category:Terms with Greek translations Category:Terms with Hebrew translations Category:Terms with Hindi translations Category:Terms with Hungarian translations Category:Terms with Italian translations Category:Terms with Japanese translations Category:Terms with Korean translations Category:Terms with Latin translations Category:Terms with Mandarin translations Category:Terms with Middle High German translations Category:Terms with Māori translations Category:Terms with Norwegian translations Category:Terms with Old English translations Category:Terms with Old High German translations Category:Terms with Polish translations Category:Terms with Portuguese translations Category:Terms with Romanian translations Category:Terms with Russian translations Category:Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations Category:Terms with Sikkimese translations Category:Terms with Slovene translations Category:Terms with Spanish translations Category:Terms with Swedish translations Category:Terms with Telugu translations Category:Terms with Ukrainian translations Category:Terms with Uyghur translations Category:Terms with Zulu translations Category:en:Fantasy Category:en:Fictional abilities Category:en:Fictional characters Category:en:Law Category:en:Video games