See also:
Category:Character boxes with images#*0000012378
U+305A, ず
HIRAGANA LETTER ZU
Composition: [U+3059] + [U+3099] Category:Character boxes with compositions

[U+3059]
HiraganaCategory:Hiragana block#*0000012378
[U+305B]
Category:Hiragana script characters#%20

Japanese

Stroke order
4 strokes

Etymology 1

    The hiragana character (su) with a dakuten ().

    Pronunciation

    Syllable

    (zuCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#ずCategory:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず) Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese syllables#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'Category:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#す'Category:Pages with entries#ずCategory:Pages with 1 entry#ず

    1. The hiragana syllable (zu). Its equivalent in katakana is (zu).
    See also

    Etymology 2

      Alternative spelling
      (archaic, literary)

      From Old JapaneseCategory:Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese#す'Category:Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese#す'. Generally considered to be a combination of negation suffix (-nu)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず, in its (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of (ni)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず, + verb (su, to do)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず.[1][2]

      /nisu/ → */nzu//zu/

      Appears both as zu and as the older nisu form in the Man'yōshū poetry anthology.

      Pronunciation

      Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent#す'
      () (iu): Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [iu] (Heiban – [0])わずCategory:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [iwazu] (Heiban – [0])
      () (neru): Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [neru] (Heiban – [0])Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [nezu] (Heiban – [0])
      () (kaku): Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [kaꜜku] (Atamadaka – [1])Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [kakaꜜzu] (Nakadaka)
      ()() (dekiru): Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [dekiꜜru] (Nakadaka)Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#ず [dekiꜜzu] (Nakadaka)

      Suffix

      (-zuCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#ずCategory:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず) Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese suffixes#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'Category:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#す'Category:Pages with entries#ずCategory:Pages with 1 entry#ず

      1. not doing
        (なに)()
        nani mo shirazu
        not knowing anything
        Category:Japanese terms with usage examples#す'Category:Japanese terms with usage examples#す'
      Usage notes

      Just like the older negation suffix (-nu)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず and the modern negation suffix ない (-nai)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず, (-zu)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず comes after the ()(ぜん)(けい) (mizenkei, irrealis or incomplete form) of a verb.

      The suffix (-zu)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず is more formal than the everyday negation suffix ない (-nai)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ず.

      The kanji spelling attaches to verbs as a prefix in kanbun style, forming jukujikun readings such as 不知(しらず) (shirazu) or 不悪(あしからず) (ashikarazu).

      Conjugation
      Classical conjugation of "" (irregular)
      Stem forms
      Irrealis (未然形)
      ざら
      [1]
      zu
      zara
      na
      Continuative (連用形) [2]
      ざり[3]
      [1]
      zu
      zari
      ni
      Terminal (終止形)
      ざり
      zu
      zari
      Attributive (連体形)
      ざる
      nu
      zaru
      Realis (已然形)
      ざれ
      ne
      zare
      Imperative (命令形) ざれzare
      Key constructions
      Negative -
      Contrasting conjunction ねど
      ざれど
      nedo
      zaredo
      Causal conjunction ねば
      ざれば
      neba
      zareba
      Conditional conjunction ずは
      ずば
      ざらば
      zufa
      zuba
      zaraba
      Past tense (firsthand knowledge) ざりきzariki
      Past tense (secondhand knowledge) ざりけりzarikeri
      Perfect tense (conscious action) ざりつzaritu
      Perfect tense (natural event) ざりぬ[4]zarinu
      Perfect-continuative tense ざりたりzaritari
      Adverbial zu

      [1]Nara period form.
      [2]Without auxiliary verbs.
      [3]With auxiliary verbs.
      [4]Unattested.

      Derived terms

      Etymology 3

        For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entries.
        2 Category:Japanese nouns#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'
        [noun] diagram, figure, illustration
        4 Category:Japanese nouns#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'
        [noun] (historical) one of the punishments in the ancient Ritsuryō system; penal servitude
        2 Category:Japanese nouns#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'
        [noun] head
        1 Category:Japanese verbs#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'Category:Japanese verbs#す'Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#す'Category:Japanese lemmas#す'Category:Japanese hiragana#す'
        [verb] (obsolete) to go or come out
        [verb] (obsolete) to appear
        (This term, (zu), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
        For a list of all kanji read as , see Category:Japanese kanji read as ず.
        Category:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#す'Category:Pages with entries#ずCategory:Pages with 1 entry#ず

        References

        Category:Character boxes with compositions Category:Character boxes with images Category:Hiragana block Category:Hiragana script characters Category:Japanese hiragana Category:Japanese lemmas Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters Category:Japanese links with redundant target parameters Category:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks Category:Japanese nouns Category:Japanese suffixes Category:Japanese syllables Category:Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese Category:Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Category:Japanese terms with usage examples Category:Japanese verbs Category:Pages with 1 entry Category:Pages with entries