sam

Languages (28)
Translingual • English
Atong (India) • Charrua • Chuukese • Garo • Hokkien • Lhao Vo • Livonian • Macanese • Maltese • Mizo • Nga La • Old English • Old Irish • Old Norse • Old Polish • Palula • Polish • Rohingya • Romani • Serbo-Croatian • Silesian • Slovene • Swedish • Vietnamese • Ye'kwana • Zhuang
Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of EnglishCategory:Translingual terms derived from English#SAM SamaritanCategory:Translingual clippings#SAM.

Symbol

samCategory:Translingual lemmas#SAMCategory:Translingual symbols#SAMCategory:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#SAMCategory:Translingual entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2Category:ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3Category:ISO 639-3 language code for Samaritan Aramaic.

See also

English

Etymology 1

From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#SAM sammen, samnen, from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Old English#SAM samnian, ġesamnian (“to collect, assemble, bring together, gather, join, unite, compose, meet, glean”), from Proto-West GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#SAM *samnōn, from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#SAM *samnōną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *sem- (“one”). Cognate with Dutch zamelen (“to collect”), German sammeln (“to collect, gather”), Swedish samla (“to gather, collect”), Icelandic samna (“to gather, collect”). More at same.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

sam (third-person singular simple present sams, present participle samming, simple past and past participle sammed)Category:English lemmas#SAMCategory:English verbs#SAMCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SAM, UKCategory:British English#SAM dialectalCategory:English dialectal terms#SAM) To assemble.
  2. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SAM, UKCategory:British English#SAM dialectalCategory:English dialectal terms#SAM, of persons) To bring together; join (in marriage, friendship, love, etc.).
  3. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SAM, UKCategory:British English#SAM dialectalCategory:English dialectal terms#SAM, of things) To bring together; collect; put in order; arrange.
  4. (intransitiveCategory:English intransitive verbs#SAM, UKCategory:British English#SAM dialectalCategory:English dialectal terms#SAM) To assemble; come together.
  5. (transitiveCategory:English transitive verbs#SAM, UKCategory:British English#SAM dialectalCategory:English dialectal terms#SAM) To coagulate; curdle (milk).
Usage notes
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#SAM sām (“together”), from Old EnglishCategory:English terms derived from Old English#SAM samen (“together”), from Proto-West GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic#SAM *saman, from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#SAM *samanai (“together”), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *sem- (“together, one”).

Adverb

sam (not comparable)Category:English lemmas#SAMCategory:English adverbs#SAMCategory:English uncomparable adverbs#SAMCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. (obsoleteCategory:English terms with obsolete senses#SAM) Together

Etymology 3

From Middle EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Middle English#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Middle English#SAM sam- (prefix), from Old EnglishCategory:English terms inherited from Old English#SAMCategory:English terms derived from Old English#SAM sam-, from Proto-GermanicCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic#SAM *sēmi- (“half”), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *sēmi- (“half”). Related to semi- (via Latin).

Pronunciation

Adjective

sam (not comparable)Category:English lemmas#SAMCategory:English adjectives#SAMCategory:English uncomparable adjectives#SAMCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. (dialectalCategory:English dialectal terms#SAM) Half or imperfectly done.
  2. (of food) Half-heated.

Etymology 4

Possibly from Uncle Sam.

Pronunciation

Noun

sam (plural sams)Category:English lemmas#SAMCategory:English nouns#SAMCategory:English countable nouns#SAMCategory:English entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. (slangCategory:English slang#SAM) Federal narcotics agent.

Anagrams

Atong (India)

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bodo-GaroCategory:Atong (India) terms inherited from Proto-Bodo-Garo#SAMCategory:Atong (India) terms derived from Proto-Bodo-Garo#SAM *sam¹ (“grass”). Related to Garo samsi, Garo sam.

Noun

sam (Bengali script সাম)Category:Atong (India) lemmas#SAMCategory:Atong (India) nouns#SAMCategory:Atong (India) terms with redundant script codes#SAMCategory:Atong (India) nouns in Latin script#SAMCategory:Atong (India) entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. grass; weed
  2. medicine
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

sam- (Bengali script সাম)Category:Atong (India) lemmas#SAMCategory:Atong (India) verbs#SAMCategory:Atong (India) terms with redundant script codes#SAMCategory:Atong (India) verbs in Latin script#SAMCategory:Atong (India) entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. to wait

Etymology 3

Classifier

sam- (Bengali script সাম)Category:Atong (India) lemmas#SAMCategory:Atong (India) classifiers#SAMCategory:Atong (India) terms with redundant script codes#SAMCategory:Atong (India) classifiers in Latin script#SAMCategory:Atong (India) entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. used with any bilateral body part, hands, eyes, etc. and also tires

References

Charrua

Numeral

samCategory:Charrua lemmas#SAMCategory:Charrua numerals#SAMCategory:Charrua entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. two

References

  • El último charrúa: de Salsipuedes a la actualidad (1996)
  • Idioma español y habla criolla: Charrúas y vilelas (1968)
  • Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 62

Chuukese

Noun

samCategory:Chuukese lemmas#SAMCategory:Chuukese nouns#SAMCategory:Chuukese entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. father

Garo

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bodo-GaroCategory:Garo terms inherited from Proto-Bodo-Garo#SAMCategory:Garo terms derived from Proto-Bodo-Garo#SAM *sam¹ (“grass”). Related to Atong (India) sam.

Noun

samCategory:Garo lemmas#SAMCategory:Garo nouns#SAMCategory:Garo entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. grass; herb
  2. medicine
  3. curry

Etymology 2

Classifier

samCategory:Garo lemmas#SAMCategory:Garo classifiers#SAMCategory:Garo entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. used with any bilateral body part, hands, eyes, etc.

Further reading

  • Burling, R. (2003), The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon‎, Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 275

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 三 (“three; the other woman; the other man; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 三).
Category:Chinese lemmas#samCategory:Hokkien lemmas#samCategory:Chinese numerals#samCategory:Hokkien numerals#samCategory:Chinese proper nouns#samCategory:Hokkien proper nouns#samCategory:Hokkien pe̍h-ōe-jī forms#SAMCategory:Hokkien entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM
For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 衫 (“unlined garment; T-shirt; shirt; top; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 衫).
Category:Chinese lemmas#samCategory:Hokkien lemmas#samCategory:Chinese nouns#samCategory:Hokkien nouns#samCategory:Hokkien pe̍h-ōe-jī forms#SAMCategory:Hokkien entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM
For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 舢.
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 舢).
Category:Chinese lemmas#samCategory:Hokkien lemmas#samCategory:Chinese nouns#samCategory:Hokkien nouns#samCategory:Hokkien pe̍h-ōe-jī forms#SAMCategory:Hokkien entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM
For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 參 (“Three Stars mansion; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 參).
Category:Chinese lemmas#samCategory:Hokkien lemmas#samCategory:Chinese proper nouns#samCategory:Hokkien proper nouns#samCategory:Hokkien pe̍h-ōe-jī forms#SAMCategory:Hokkien entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

Lhao Vo

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-TibetanCategory:Lhao Vo terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#SAMCategory:Lhao Vo terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#SAM *kV-sum (“three”). Cognate with Burmese သုံး (sum:, “three”).

Numeral

samCategory:Lhao Vo lemmas#SAMCategory:Lhao Vo numerals#SAMCategory:Lhao Vo entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. three

References

  • Dr. Ola Hanson, A Dictionary of the Kachin Language (1906).

Livonian

Etymology

From Proto-FinnicCategory:Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic#SAMCategory:Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic#SAM *samo. Cognate with Estonian samm.

Pronunciation

Noun

sa’mCategory:Livonian lemmas#SAMCategory:Livonian nouns#SAMCategory:Livonian entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. step, pace

Declension

Declension of sa’m (84)
singular (ikšlu’g) plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv) sa’m samūd
genitive (genitīv) sa’m samūd
partitive (partitīv) sa’mtõ samīdi
dative (datīv) sa’mmõn samūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl) sa’mkõks samūdõks
illative (illatīv) sa’mmõ samīž
inessive (inesīv) sa’msõ sa’mši
elative (elatīv) sa’mstõ sa’mšti

References

  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “sa’m”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎ (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Macanese

Verb

samCategory:Macanese lemmas#SAMCategory:Macanese verbs#SAMCategory:Macanese entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. alternative form of sâm

Maltese

Etymology

From ArabicCategory:Maltese terms inherited from Arabic#SAMCategory:Maltese terms derived from Arabic#SAM صامَ (ṣāma).

Pronunciation

Verb

sam (imperfect jsum, active participle sajjem, verbal noun sawm)Category:Maltese lemmas#SAMCategory:Maltese verbs#SAMCategory:Maltese entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. to fast

Conjugation

Conjugation of sam (Form I)
positive forms
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
perfect m somt somt sam somna somtu samu
f samet
imperfect m nsum ssum jsum nsumu ssumu jsumu
f ssum
imperative sum sumu
Category:Maltese form-I verbsCategory:Maltese hollow form-I verbsCategory:Maltese hollow verbs

Mizo

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-ChinCategory:Mizo terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin#SAMCategory:Mizo terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin#SAM *sham, from Proto-Sino-TibetanCategory:Mizo terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#SAMCategory:Mizo terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#SAM *(t)sam.

Noun

samCategory:Mizo lemmas#SAMCategory:Mizo nouns#SAMCategory:Mizo entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. hair (of the head)
  2. antenna (of insects)

Etymology 2

Adjective

samCategory:Mizo lemmas#SAMCategory:Mizo adjectives#SAMCategory:Mizo entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. easy, simple

Nga La

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-ChinCategory:Nga La terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin#SAMCategory:Nga La terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin#SAM *sham, from Proto-Sino-TibetanCategory:Nga La terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#SAMCategory:Nga La terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#SAM *(t)sam.

Noun

samCategory:Nga La lemmas#SAMCategory:Nga La nouns#SAMCategory:Nga La entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. hair (of the head)

References

  • Matu (Chin) Dictionary by Ropna Saruum, Matupi 2007

Old English

Conjunction

samCategory:Old English lemmas#SAMCategory:Old English conjunctions#SAMCategory:Old English entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. whether, or

References

Old Irish

Etymology

Category:Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *semh₂-#SAM

From Proto-CelticCategory:Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic#SAMCategory:Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic#SAM *samos (“summer”) (compare Welsh haf), from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *sm̥-h₂-ó- (compare Old English sumor, Old Armenian ամառն (amaṙn)).

Pronunciation

Noun

sam m (genitive unattested, no plural)Category:Old Irish lemmas#SAMCategory:Old Irish nouns#SAMCategory:Old Irish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Old Irish masculine nouns#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. summer

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative sam — —
vocative saim — —
accusative samN — —
genitive saimL — —
dative samL — —
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Category:Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns#SAMCategory:Old Irish uncountable nouns#SAM

Synonyms

Mutation

Mutation of sam
radicallenitionnasalization
samṡamsam

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Category:sga:Seasons#SAM

Old Norse

Verb

samCategory:Old Norse non-lemma forms#SAMCategory:Old Norse verb forms#SAMCategory:Old Norse entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

  1. second-person singular imperative of sama

Old Polish

Etymology 1

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sem-
Proto-Indo-European *somHós
Proto-Slavic *samъ
Old Polish sam

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.Category:Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Pages with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Old Polish entries with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Old Polish entries with etymology texts#SAM First attested in the 14th century.

    Pronunciation

    Pronoun

    samCategory:Old Polish lemmas#SAMCategory:Old Polish pronouns#SAMCategory:Old Polish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

    1. alone, by oneself, without company
    2. myself, yourself, himself, etc. (emphatic determiner, used similarly to "no other than" or "the very", as in "I myself")
    3. The meaning of this term is uncertain.Category:Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning#SAM
    Descendants

    Etymology 2

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *ḱe
    Proto-Indo-European *ís
    Proto-Indo-European *ḱís
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *śís
    Proto-Slavic *sь
    Proto-Slavic *-mo
    Proto-Slavic *sěmo
    Old Polish sam

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sěmo.Category:Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Pages with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Old Polish entries with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Old Polish entries with etymology texts#SAM First attested in the 14th century.

      Pronunciation

      Adverb

      samCategory:Old Polish lemmas#SAMCategory:Old Polish adverbs#SAMCategory:Old Polish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

      1. here; hither
      Descendants

      References

      • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “1. sam”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
      • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “2. sam”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

      Palula

      Etymology

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Category:Requests for etymologies in Palula entries#SAM

      Pronunciation

      Adverb

      sam (Perso-Arabic spelling سم)Category:Palula lemmas#SAMCategory:Palula adverbs#SAMCategory:Palula entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

      1. equally

      References

      • Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “sam”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

      Polish

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

      Etymology tree
      Proto-Indo-European *sem-
      Proto-Indo-European *somHós
      Proto-Slavic *samъ
      Old Polish sam
      Polish sam

        Inherited from Old Polish sam.

        Category:Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Polish terms derived from Old Polish#SAMCategory:Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Polish terms inherited from Old Polish#SAMCategory:Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-#SAMCategory:Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Pages with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Polish entries with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Polish entries with etymology texts#SAM

        Adjective

        sam (not generally comparable, comparative bardziej sam, superlative najbardziej sam, no derived adverb)Category:Polish lemmas#SAMCategory:Polish adjectives#SAMCategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

        1. alone (oneself without company)
        2. alone (oneself without help)

        Adverb

        sam (not generally comparable, comparative bardziej sam, superlative najbardziej sam)Category:Polish lemmas#SAMCategory:Polish adverbs#SAMCategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

        1. alone, by oneself, without company
          Synonyms: osobno, samodzielnie
        2. (Middle PolishCategory:Middle Polish#SAM or dialectalCategory:Polish dialectal terms#SAM, Central Greater PolandCategory:Central Greater Poland Polish#SAM, KuyaviaCategory:Kuyavian Polish#SAM) here (at this place)
          Alternative forms: (dialectal) sa, (dialectal) samoj
          Synonyms: tu, tutaj

        Particle

        samCategory:Polish lemmas#SAMCategory:Polish particles#SAMCategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

        1. emphatic determiner, used similarly to "no other than" or "the very", as in "I myself"; oneself
          Przygotowując intrygę przeciwko szefowi, pani Magdalena kazała swojej córce ubrać się skromnie, a sama założyła sukienkę z głębokim dekoltem.
          Preparing the intrigue against the boss, Ms. Magdalena told her daughter to dress modestly, while she herself put on a dress with a deep neckline.
          Category:Polish terms with usage examples#SAM
          Poszedł do samego końca.
          He went to the very end.
          Category:Polish terms with usage examples#SAM
        2. by oneself, alone (by one's own volition or power, without outside help or encouragement)
        Declension
        Declension of sam (irregular)
        singular plural
        masculine animate masculine inanimate feminine neuter virile (= masculine personal) non-virile
        nominative/vocative sam sama samo sami same
        genitive samego samej samego samych
        dative samemu samej samemu samym
        accusative samego sam samą samo samych same
        instrumental samym samą samym samymi
        locative samym samej samym samych
        Category:Polish irregular adjectives#SAM

        Alternative forms

        Derived terms

        particles
        verbs

        Etymology 2

        Etymology tree
        Proto-Slavic *klepati
        Proto-Slavic *sъklepъ
        Old Polish sklep
        Polish sklepclip.
        Proto-Indo-European *sem-
        Proto-Indo-European *somHós
        Proto-Slavic *samъ
        Old Polish sam
        Polish sam
        Proto-Slavic *-o-
        Old Polish -o-
        Polish -o-
        Polish samo-
        Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi
        Proto-Balto-Slavic *ab
        Proto-Slavic *o(b)
        Proto-Slavic *o(b)-
        Old Polish ob-
        Polish ob-
        Proto-Indo-European *slew-der.
        Proto-Balto-Slavic *sláugasder.?
        Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
        Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
        Proto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀ
        Proto-Slavic *-a?
        Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-
        Proto-Slavic *sluti?
        Proto-Indo-European *gʰeder.
        Proto-Slavic *-ga?
        Proto-Slavic *slūgà
        Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
        Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
        Proto-Balto-Slavic *-éitei
        Proto-Slavic *-iti
        Proto-Slavic *služìti
        Old Polish służyć
        Polish służyć
        Polish obsłużyć
        Proto-Slavic *-vati
        Old Polish -wać
        Polish -wać
        Proto-Slavic *-ovati
        Old Polish -ować
        Polish -ować
        Polish -ywać
        Polish -iwać
        Polish obsługiwaćdeverb.
        Polish obsługa
        Polish samoobsługa
        Proto-Indo-European *-usder.
        Proto-Indo-European *-osder.
        Proto-Slavic *-ovъ
        Old Polish -owy
        Polish -owy
        Polish samoobsługowyclip.
        Polish sam
          Category:Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Polish clippings#SAMCategory:Polish terms derived from Old Polish#SAMCategory:Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-#SAMCategory:Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew-#SAMCategory:Pages with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Polish entries with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Pages using etymon with no ID#SAM

          Clipping of sklep samoobsługowyCategory:Polish clippings#SAM.

          Alternative forms

          Noun

          sam m inanCategory:Polish lemmas#SAMCategory:Polish nouns#SAMCategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Polish masculine nouns#SAMCategory:Polish inanimate nouns#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

          1. (colloquialCategory:Polish colloquialisms#SAM) self-service shop
            Synonym: sklep samoobsługowy
          Declension

          Trivia

          According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), sam is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 159 times in scientific texts, 70 times in news, 120 times in essays, 231 times in fiction, and 302 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 882 times, making it the 48th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

          References

          1. ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990), “sam”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 518

          Further reading

          • sam in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
          • sam in Polish dictionaries at PWN
          • “SAM_I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 22 February 2023
          • “SAM_II”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 22 February 2023
          • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “sam”, in Słownik języka polskiego
          • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “sam”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
          • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “sam”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 11
          • sam in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
          • Stanisław Ciszewski (1916), “sam”, in “Przyczynek do słownika gwary wielkopolskiej”, in Prace Filologiczne‎ (in Polish), volume 8, z. 1, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 98
          • Władysław Matlakowski (1892), “sam”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 16
          Category:Polish location adverbs#SAMCategory:Polish manner adverbs#SAM Category:pl:Shops#SAM

          Rohingya

          Alternative forms

          Etymology

          (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Category:Requests for etymologies in Rohingya entries#SAM

          Noun

          sam (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴔)Category:Rohingya lemmas#SAMCategory:Rohingya nouns#SAMCategory:Rohingya entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

          1. skin
            Synonym: samra

          Romani

          Verb

          samCategory:Romani non-lemma forms#SAMCategory:Romani verb forms#SAMCategory:Romani entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

          1. first-person plural present indicative of si

          Serbo-Croatian

          Etymology 1

          Inherited from Proto-SlavicCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAM *samъ, from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *somHós.

          Adjective

          sȃm (Cyrillic spelling са̑м, definite sȃmī)Category:Serbo-Croatian lemmas#SAMCategory:Serbo-Croatian adjectives#SAMCategory:Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

          1. alone, sole
          2. unaided, single-handed
          3. absolute, very, mere, unmixed
          4. solitary, secluded
          Declension
          indefinite forms
          singular masculine feminine neuter
          nominative sam sama samo
          genitive sama same sama
          dative samu samoj samu
          accusative inanimate
          animate          		 sam
          sama          		 samu samo
          vocative sam sama samo
          locative samu samoj samu
          instrumental samim samom samim
          plural masculine feminine neuter
          nominative sami same sama
          genitive samih samih samih
          dative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
          accusative same same sama
          vocative sami same sama
          locative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
          instrumental samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
          definite forms
          singular masculine feminine neuter
          nominative sami sama samo
          genitive samog(a) same samog(a)
          dative samom(u/e) samoj samom(u/e)
          accusative inanimate
          animate          		 sami
          samog(a)          		 samu samo
          vocative sami sama samo
          locative samom(e/u) samoj samom(e/u)
          instrumental samim samom samim
          plural masculine feminine neuter
          nominative sami same sama
          genitive samih samih samih
          dative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
          accusative same same sama
          vocative sami same sama
          locative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
          instrumental samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
          Alternative forms

          Etymology 2

          Inherited from Proto-SlavicCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAM *(j)esmь, from Proto-Balto-SlavicCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic#SAM *esmi, from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *h₁ésmi.

          Verb

          sȁm (Cyrillic spelling са̏м)Category:Serbo-Croatian non-lemma forms#SAMCategory:Serbo-Croatian verb forms#SAMCategory:Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

          1. first-person singular present tense enclitic form of biti.
            Tu sam. — I'm here.

          Silesian

          Alternative forms

          Etymology

          Etymology tree
          Proto-Indo-European *ḱe
          Proto-Indo-European *ís
          Proto-Indo-European *ḱís
          Proto-Balto-Slavic *śís
          Proto-Slavic *sь
          Proto-Slavic *-mo
          Proto-Slavic *sěmo
          Old Polish sam
          Silesian sam

            Inherited from Old Polish sam.

            Category:Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAMCategory:Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish#SAMCategory:Silesian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Silesian terms derived from Old Polish#SAMCategory:Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Pages with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Silesian entries with etymology trees#SAMCategory:Silesian entries with etymology texts#SAM

            Pronunciation

            Pronoun

            samCategory:Silesian lemmas#SAMCategory:Silesian pronouns#SAMCategory:Silesian entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. here
              Synonym: tukej
            2. hither

            Further reading

            • sam in silling.org

            Slovene

            Etymology

            From Proto-SlavicCategory:Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#SAMCategory:Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic#SAM *samъ, from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Slovene terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#SAM *somHós. First attested in the 10th century.

            Pronunciation

            Adjective

            sȃm (not comparable)Category:Slovene lemmas#SAMCategory:Slovene adjectives#SAMCategory:Slovene uncomparable adjectives#SAMCategory:Slovene entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. alone, sole
            2. unaided, single-handed, by oneself

            Declension

            Unknown tone or non-tonal
            		 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
            Category:Requests for tone in Slovene entries
            Hard
            masculine feminine neuter
            nom. sing. sám sáma sámo
            singular
            masculine feminine neuter
            nominative sám ind
            sámi def            		 sáma sámo
            genitive sámega sáme sámega
            dative sámemu sámi sámemu
            accusative nominativeinan or
            genitive            anim            		 sámo sámo
            locative sámem sámi sámem
            instrumental sámim sámo sámim
            dual
            masculine feminine neuter
            nominative sáma sámi sámi
            genitive sámih sámih sámih
            dative sámima sámima sámima
            accusative sáma sámi sámi
            locative sámih sámih sámih
            instrumental sámima sámima sámima
            plural
            masculine feminine neuter
            nominative sámi sáme sáma
            genitive sámih sámih sámih
            dative sámim sámim sámim
            accusative sáme sáme sáma
            locative sámih sámih sámih
            instrumental sámimi sámimi sámimi

            Derived terms

            Further reading

            • “sam”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
            • “sam”, in Termania, Amebis
            • See also the general references

            Swedish

            Pronunciation

            Verb

            samCategory:Swedish non-lemma forms#SAMCategory:Swedish verb forms#SAMCategory:Swedish entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. past indicative of simma

            Anagrams

            Vietnamese

            Pronunciation

            Etymology 1

            Highly unlikely due to irregular sound change. Possibly from Proto-Mon-KhmerCategory:Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Mon-Khmer#SAMCategory:Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer#SAM *kt₁aam (“crab”) (Norman & Mei, 1976; mistakenly glossed as "king crab"). However, Shorto (2006) includes no such derivation. Compare Vietnamese đam (“field crab”) and Lingao sam¹ (“horseshoe crab”).

            Noun

            (classifier con) Category:Vietnamese nouns classified by consam • (杉, 衫, 𧏰, 𧓰, 𪓫)Category:Vietnamese lemmas#SAMCategory:Vietnamese nouns#SAMCategory:Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. a horseshoe crab
              đuôi sam ― a horseshoe crab's tail; a braid/plaitCategory:Vietnamese terms with usage examples#SAM
            See also

            Etymology 2

            Noun

            (classifier cây) Category:Vietnamese nouns classified by câysam • (蔘)Category:Vietnamese lemmas#SAMCategory:Vietnamese nouns#SAMCategory:Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. common purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
              Synonym: rau sam
            Category:vi:Arthropods#SAM

            Ye'kwana

            Alternative forms

            Pronunciation

            Ideophone

            samCategory:Ye'kwana lemmas#SAMCategory:Ye'kwana ideophones#SAMCategory:Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header#SAMCategory:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. zooming
            2. (of food) stinging, biting

            References

            • Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “samm”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon, page 166

            Zhuang

            Zhuang cardinal numbers
             <  2 3 4  > 
                Cardinal : sam

            Etymology

            From Proto-TaiCategory:Zhuang terms inherited from Proto-Tai#SAM1Category:Zhuang terms derived from Proto-Tai#SAM1 *saːm (“three”), from Middle ChineseCategory:Zhuang terms derived from Middle Chinese#SAM1 三 (MC sam, “three”). Cognate with Thai สาม (sǎam), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨾ, Lao ສາມ (sām), Lü ᦉᦱᧄ (ṡaam), Tai Dam ꪎꪱꪣ, Shan သၢမ် (sǎam), Tai Nüa ᥔᥣᥛᥴ (sáam), Ahom 𑜏𑜪 (saṃ), Bouyei saaml.

            Pronunciation

            Numeral

            sam (1957–1982 spelling sam)Category:Zhuang lemmas#SAM1Category:Zhuang numerals#SAM1Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form#SAM1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#SAM1Category:Pages with entries#SAMCategory:Pages with 28 entries#SAM

            1. three
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Category:Zhuang terms derived from Middle Chinese Category:Zhuang terms derived from Proto-Tai Category:Zhuang terms inherited from Proto-Tai Category:Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form Category:pl:Shops Category:sga:Seasons Category:vi:Arthropods