Wikimore

序	U+5E8F, 序 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E8F

Translingual

Han character

序Category:Translingual lemmas#广04序 Category:Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#广04序 Category:Translingual symbols#广04序 Category:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#广04序 Category:Translingual entries with incorrect language header#广04序 Category:Pages with entries#序 Category:Pages with 5 entries#序 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+4, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 戈弓戈弓 (ININ), four-corner 0022₂, composition ⿸广予)Category:Han script characters#广04序

Derived characters

垿, 𡜾, 𢭸, 𨹘, 𫸉, 𦯅

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 343, character 35
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9253
Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 22
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 875, character 18
Unihan data for U+5E8F

Chinese

simp. and trad.		序

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 序
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (予) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
野	laːʔ, ɦljaʔ
壄	*laːʔ
序	*ljaʔ
抒	ljaʔ, hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧	*l'aʔ
杼	l'aʔ, ɦljaʔ
墅	*ɦljaːʔ
舒	*hlja
紓	hlja, ɦljaʔ
妤	*la
伃	*la
予	la, laʔ
預	*las
忬	*las
豫	*las
蕷	*las
澦	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ljaʔ)Category:Han phono-semantic compounds#广04: semantic 广 + phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xù (xu⁴Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#序)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xu⁴

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): xū

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): sǖ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щү (xü, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeoi⁶

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): zui³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): dui⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): xy⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): si

(Hailu, HRS): si^ˇ

(Meixian, Guangdong): xi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): xy³
Northern Min (KCR): sṳ̄
Eastern Min (BUC): sê̤ṳ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sy⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sǐr / sū / sī / sǐ

(Teochew, Peng'im): su⁶

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xi⁶
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zyu⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶zhiu / ⁶ziu / ⁴ziu / ⁶ji / ⁶zi / ⁴jiu / ⁶jiu / ⁶dzyu / ⁴zhiu / ⁶zyu / ⁴zyu
- (Jinhua): ⁶zhiu
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): si⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syù
  - Wade–Giles: hsü⁴
  - Yale: syù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuh
  - Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xu⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xy
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: xū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: sǖ
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): sü⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁴⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щү (xü, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zeoi⁶
  - Yale: jeuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵy̯²²/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: zui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: dui⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tui³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xy⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /si⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: si^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /si¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xy³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕy⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sê̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /søy²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sy⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬy¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sy⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬy²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐr
  - Tâi-lô: sǐr
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
  - Tâi-lô: sū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: su
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /su²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /si³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jinjiang): /si⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²²/
- (Hokkien: Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐ
  - Tâi-lô: sǐ
  - Sinological IPA (Philippines): /si³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: su⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su³⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /si³³/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: zyu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sy²⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zhiu
  - MiniDict: zhiu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxy
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑy²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ʑy¹¹/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ziu
  - MiniDict: ziu^去
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /zy¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /zy¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /zy²⁴/
- (Northern: Songjiang)
  - Wugniu: ⁴ziu
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /zy²²/
- (Northern: Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ji
  - MiniDict: ji^去
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡ʑi³¹³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zi
  - MiniDict: zi^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zi²³¹/
- (Northern: Jiaxing, Fuyang, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁴jiu
  - MiniDict: jiu^上
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /d͡ʑy²¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Fuyang): /d͡ʑy²¹²/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /d͡ʑy¹¹³/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶jiu
  - MiniDict: jiu^去
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡ʑy¹¹³/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶dzyu
  - MiniDict: dzyu^去
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡zz̩ʷ¹¹³/
- (Northern: Fuyang, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁴zhiu
  - MiniDict: zhiu^上
  - Sinological IPA (Fuyang): /ʑy²¹²/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ʑy¹¹³/
- (Northern: Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zyu
  - MiniDict: zyu^去
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /zz̩ʷ¹¹³/
- (Northern: Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ⁴zyu
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /zz̩ʷ²⁴/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zhiu
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /ʑy¹⁴/

Note:

Fuyang:
- 4zhiu - vernacular;
- 4jiu - literary.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 序
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕy⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ɕy⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕy⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕy²¹/
	Qingdao	/sy⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/sy³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ɕy⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ɕy²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ɕy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕy¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕy²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕy³⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕy¹³/
	Guiyang	/ɕi²¹³/
	Kunming	/ɕi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/sy⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/sz̩ʷ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕy⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ɕy³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ɕy⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ʑy²³/
	Suzhou	/zi³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰy²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/ɕy²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/si⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕy⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕy²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/si⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/si⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡søy²²/
	Nanning	/t͡sy²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡søy²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/su²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/søy²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/sy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/su³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/si³⁵/

Middle Chinese: zjoX

Rime
Character	序
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	徐吕切
Baxter	zjoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨʌ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɔ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ziɔ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ziɔ^X/
Wang Li	/zĭo^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi̯wo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeoi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[sə.l]aʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ljaʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	序
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xù
Middle Chinese	‹ zjo^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[sə.l]aʔ/
English	walls at side of palace
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	序
Reading #	1/1
No.	15724
Phonetic component	予
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ljaʔ/

Definitions

序Category:Chinese lemmas#广04 Category:Chinese hanzi#广04 Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#广04 Category:Pages with entries#序 Category:Pages with 5 entries#序

order; sequence
preface (of a book); foreword (Classifier: 篇)Category:Chinese nouns classified by 篇#广04
Antonym: 跋 (bá)
introductory
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese Category:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#广04) school

Synonyms

(preface):

edit

前序 (qiánxù)
前言 (qiányán)
前記 / 前记 (qiánjì)
卷首語 / 卷首语 (juànshǒuyǔ)
導言 / 导言 (dǎoyán)
小序 (xiǎoxù)
小引 (xiǎoyǐn)
序文 (xùwén)
序言 (xùyán)
弁言 (biànyán) (literary)
引言 (yǐnyán)
抐話頭 / 抐话头 (Hokkien)
發刊詞 / 发刊词 (fākāncí) (to a new periodical)
短序 (duǎnxù)
緒言 / 绪言 (xùyán)
緒論 / 绪论 (xùlùn)
自序 (zìxù) (by the author)
話頭 / 话头 (Hokkien)
踏話頭 / 踏话头 (Hokkien)
開場白 / 开场白 (kāichǎngbái)
頭序 / 头序 (Hokkien)

Compounds

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “序”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 268.