Wikimore

	Old Chinese
野	laːʔ, ɦljaʔ
壄	*laːʔ
序	*ljaʔ
抒	ljaʔ, hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧	*l'aʔ
杼	l'aʔ, ɦljaʔ
墅	*ɦljaːʔ
舒	*hlja
紓	hlja, ɦljaʔ
妤	*la
伃	*la
予	la, laʔ
預	*las
忬	*las
豫	*las
蕷	*las
澦	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ)Category:Han phono-semantic compounds#里04: semantic 田 (“field”) + semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ).

Etymology 1

Various etymologies have been proposed:

From a hypothetical common Sino-Tibetan *la (“area far from settlements; wilderness”): compare Tibetan ལ (la, “mountain pass; hillside; mountainslope”) (Schuessler, 2007);
Related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *laʔ (“to spread, extend”): compare Khmer លា (liə, “to unfold, spread, open out”) (Schuessler, 2007);
From a Sino-Tibetan root meaning “hut; pantry”: compare Tibetan ལྷས (lhas, “pen; fold; cattle enclosure”) (Starostin).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yě (ye³Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#野)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˇ

Category:Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ye³

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): е (i͡ə, II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): je⁵

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yie⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): ia³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yâ

(Meixian, Guangdong): ya¹ / ya³
Jin (Wiktionary): ie²
Northern Min (KCR): iǎ / ià
Eastern Min (BUC): iā
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ia³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iá

(Teochew, Peng'im): ia²
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶ya / ⁶ya; ⁶ye
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia³ / ie³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yě
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yě
  - Wade–Giles: yeh³
  - Yale: yě
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yee
  - Palladius: е (je)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ye³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ie
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɛ⁵³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: е (i͡ə, II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iə⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: je⁵
  - Yale: yéh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: je⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yé⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛː¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yie⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiɛ²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ia³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia²¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ia^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ya¹
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯a²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)ia^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ya¹
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯a²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ya¹ / ya³
  - Sinological IPA: /ia⁴⁴/, /ia³¹/

Note:

Meixian:
- ya1 - vernacular;
- ya3 - literary.

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ie²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ie⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iǎ / ià
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia²¹/, /ia⁴²/

Note:

iǎ - literary;
ià - vernacular.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iā
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ia³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: iâ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ia³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iá
  - Tâi-lô: iá
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iar
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ia⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ia⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ia⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ia⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ia²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ya
  - MiniDict: ya^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhia
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦia²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ya; ⁶ye
  - MiniDict: ya^去; yie^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦiɑ²³¹/, /ɦɪ²³¹/

Note: ⁶ye (Suzhounese) - literary.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ia³ / ie³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯a̠⁴¹/, /i̯e̞⁴¹/

Note:

ia3 - vernacular;
ie3 - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 野
Mandarin	Beijing	/iɛ²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/iɛ²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ie¹³/
	Jinan	/iə⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/iə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/iɛ⁵³/
	Xi'an	/iɛ⁵³/
	Xining	/i⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/ie⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/iə⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/iɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ie⁴²/
	Chengdu	/ie⁵³/
	Guiyang	/ie⁴²/
	Kunming	/iɛ⁵³/
	Nanjing	/ie²¹²/
	Hefei	/i²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ie⁵³/
	Pingyao	/ie̞⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ie⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦia²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiɑ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔie̞⁵³/ /ʔi⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/i³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ie³⁵/ /ia³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/ia²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ie⁴¹/ /ia⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/iɒ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/iɑ²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/ia⁴⁴/ /ia³¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒɑ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɛ²³/
	Nanning	/jɛ²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/jɛ¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ia⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ia³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ia²¹/ /ia⁴²/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ia⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ze²¹³/ /ia²¹³/

Middle Chinese: yaeX

Rime
Character	野
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊者切
Baxter	yaeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jia^X/
Pan Wuyun	/jia^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ia^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jia^X/
Li Rong	/ia^X/
Wang Li	/jĭa^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯a^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yě
Expected Cantonese Reflex	je⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lAʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*laːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	野
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yě
Middle Chinese	‹ yæ^X ›
Old Chinese	/*lAʔ/
English	open country
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	野
Reading #	1/2
No.	15722
Phonetic component	予
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	野
Old Chinese	/*laːʔ/

Definitions

野Category:Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#里04 Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

countryside; field; outskirts; wilderness
plain; open country; open space
area; region; boundary
(among) the people; not in power; out of office
unadorned; unaffected; simple; plain
wild; not domesticated; stray
feral; untamed; unrestrained
rough; coarse; violent; boorish; rude
unofficial; informal; illegal
a surnameCategory:Chinese surnames#里04

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shù (shu⁴Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#野)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi⁵ / seoi⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shù
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shù
  - Wade–Giles: shu⁴
  - Yale: shù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuh
  - Palladius: шу (šu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: seoi⁵ / seoi⁶
  - Yale: séuih / seuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey⁵ / soey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu⁵ / sêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯¹³/, /sɵy̯²²/

Middle Chinese: dzyoX

Rime
Character	野
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	承與切
Baxter	dzyoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑɨʌ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɔ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiɔ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑɨə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ʑiɔ^X/
Wang Li	/ʑĭo^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯wo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	syu⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɦljaʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	野
Reading #	2/2
No.	15729
Phonetic component	予
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	野
Old Chinese	/*ɦljaʔ/

Category:Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Mandarin lemmas#里04 Category:Cantonese lemmas#里04 Category:Middle Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Old Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Mandarin hanzi#里04 Category:Cantonese hanzi#里04 Category:Middle Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Old Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Chinese nouns#里04 Category:Mandarin nouns#里04 Category:Cantonese nouns#里04 Category:Middle Chinese nouns#里04 Category:Old Chinese nouns#里04 Category:Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation#里04 Category:Chinese terms spelled with 野#里04

Definitions

野Category:Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#里04 Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese Category:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#里04) Original form of 墅 (shù, “field; field hut; detached residence”).

Etymology 3

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Hokkien 野 (iá) related to 遐 (hiah, “so; that”)? or 誠 / 诚 (chiâⁿ, “very”)?”

Category:Requests for etymologies in Hokkien entries#里04

Pronunciation

Eastern Min (BUC): iā
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iá / á
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶ya / ⁶ya; ⁶ye

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iā
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iá
  - Tâi-lô: iá
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iar
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ia⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /ia⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: á
  - Tâi-lô: á
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ar
  - Sinological IPA (Jinjiang): /a⁵⁵⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ya
  - MiniDict: ya^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhia
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦia²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ya; ⁶ye
  - MiniDict: ya^去; yie^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦiɑ²³¹/, /ɦɪ²³¹/

Note: ⁶ye (Suzhounese) - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 野
Mandarin	Beijing	/iɛ²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/iɛ²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ie¹³/
	Jinan	/iə⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/iə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/iɛ⁵³/
	Xi'an	/iɛ⁵³/
	Xining	/i⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/ie⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/iə⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/iɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ie⁴²/
	Chengdu	/ie⁵³/
	Guiyang	/ie⁴²/
	Kunming	/iɛ⁵³/
	Nanjing	/ie²¹²/
	Hefei	/i²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ie⁵³/
	Pingyao	/ie̞⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ie⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦia²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiɑ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔie̞⁵³/ /ʔi⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/i³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ie³⁵/ /ia³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/ia²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ie⁴¹/ /ia⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/iɒ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/iɑ²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/ia⁴⁴/ /ia³¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒɑ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɛ²³/
	Nanning	/jɛ²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/jɛ¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ia⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ia³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ia²¹/ /ia⁴²/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ia⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ze²¹³/ /ia²¹³/

Category:Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Eastern Min lemmas#里04 Category:Hokkien lemmas#里04 Category:Wu lemmas#里04 Category:Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Eastern Min hanzi#里04 Category:Hokkien hanzi#里04 Category:Wu hanzi#里04 Category:Chinese adverbs#里04 Category:Eastern Min adverbs#里04 Category:Chinese adverbs#里04 Category:Hokkien adverbs#里04 Category:Chinese adverbs#里04 Category:Wu adverbs#里04 Category:Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation#里04 Category:Chinese terms spelled with 野#里04

Definitions

野Category:Chinese lemmas#里04 Category:Chinese hanzi#里04 Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#里04 Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

(literary Category:Chinese literary terms#里04 or Eastern Min Category:Eastern Min Chinese#里04, Xiamen Category:Xiamen Hokkien#里04, Quanzhou Category:Quanzhou Hokkien#里04, Jinjiang Category:Jinjiang Hokkien#里04 and Philippine Hokkien Category:Philippine Hokkien#里04, Wu Category:Wu Chinese#里04) very; quite

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		很, 非常, 十分
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
	Taiwan	很, 好, 非常, 超, 超級
	Malaysia	很, 西北
	Singapore	很, 非常
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
	Weifang (Weicheng)	綦, 真
	Jinan	挺, 楞
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	很
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	很, 好
	Chongqing	很
	Chongqing (Changshou)	很, 好
	Wuhan	蠻, 很
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	蠻, 稀, 很
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	很
Cantonese	Guangzhou	好, 非常之
	Hong Kong	好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之, 無敵
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	好
	Taishan	好, 十分之
	Yangjiang	好
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	好
	Singapore (Guangfu)	好, 非常之, 非常
Gan	Nanchang	蠻
Hakka	Meixian	好, 刮, 已, 還
	Huidong (Daling)	好
	Wuhua (Meilin)	好
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	頂
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	好
	Changting	野
	Wuping (Pingyu)	已, 刮
	Liancheng	樣
	Ninghua	好
	Ruijin	蠻
	Shicheng	蠻
	Shangyou (Shexi)	蠻
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	當, 已, 還
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	蓋, 盡, 還
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	當, 盡, 已, 還
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	當, 已, 還
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	當, 已, 還
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	足, 真, 實在
	Hong Kong	好
	Sabah (Bao'an)	好
	Kuching (Hepo)	很
	Singapore (Dabu)	好
Jin	Taiyuan	很, 挺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	盡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	野, 真
	Singapore (Fuqing)	真
	Sitiawan (Gutian)	真
Southern Min	Xiamen	真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正, 設汰, 一
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	真
	Quanzhou	真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 設汰
	Jinjiang	野, 萬代
	Zhangzhou	盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人, 設汰, 設汰仔
	Zhao'an	很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
	Dongshan	真, 非常
	Taipei	真, 誠
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	真, 誠
	Kaohsiung	有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
	Yilan	有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
	Changhua (Lukang)	真, 誠
	Taichung	誠, 蓋, 足
	Tainan	有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
	Hsinchu	真, 誠
	Kinmen	足, 誠
	Penghu (Magong)	真, 誠
	Penang (Hokkien)	真, 誠, 真正
	Singapore (Hokkien)	真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
	Manila (Hokkien)	野, 真, 萬代, 真誠, 誠, 有夠
	Medan (Hokkien)	按呢, 真, 誠, 真正
	Chaozhou	過, 好, 非常, 死爸
	Shantou	過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
	Shantou (Chenghai)	好, 死絕
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	好, 非常
	Jieyang	過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
	Bangkok (Teochew)	好
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	好
	Singapore (Teochew)	真, 死爸, 非常
	Wenchang	極, 但顧, 真
	Haikou	但顧
	Qionghai	但顧, 真
	Singapore (Hainanese)	但顧, 真
Puxian Min	Putian	煞, 絕, 滿定, 盡力篤, 若何, 連天, 裂地, 萬靆
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	確傷
	Xianyou	煞, 絕, 滿定, 盡力篤, 盡篤, 若何, 一貢, 連天, 裂地
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	好, 蠻
Wu	Shanghai	蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	蠻, 交關
	Shanghai (Jiading)	蠻, 交關
	Shanghai (Chongming)	蠻, 交關
	Suzhou	蠻, 窮, 交關
	Danyang	蠻, 交關
	Hangzhou	蠻, 交關, 木佬佬, 冒
	Shaoxing	蠻, 蠻蠻, 呆呆, 交關
	Ningbo	交關, 蠻, 堪, 𣍐好, 𣍐派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
	Zhoushan	交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
	Wenzhou	蠻, 蒙, 顯
Xiang	Changsha	很, 蠻
Xiang	Shuangfeng	蠻

References

“野”, in 漢語多功能字庫Category:Chinese terms with redundant script codes#野 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#野 Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#野 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典 Category:Chinese terms with redundant script codes#野), A04258
莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “野”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 298.

Japanese

Kanji

野

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Category:Japanese kanji#里04 Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#里04 Category:Japanese second grade kanji#里04 Category:Japanese kyōiku kanji#里04 Category:Japanese jōyō kanji#里04

Readings

As the original form of

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Category:Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:ja-l#野墅:

Compounds

野老(トコロ) (tokoro)
野木瓜(ムベ) (mube)
野羊(ヤギ) (yagi)
上野(こうずけ) (Kōzuke)
下野(しもつけ) (Shimotsuke)

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
野
の Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 野 read as の#の Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#の Category:Japanese terms read with kun'yomi#の

(old or jinmeiyō form) 埜

Etymology 1

⟨no₁⟩ → /nʷo/ → /no/

From Old Japanese Category:Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese#の Category:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#の Category:Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese#の.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) の [nóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [no̞]Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation#の

Category:Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)#の Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent#の

Noun

an area, field
Synonyms: 野原 (nohara), 野っ原 (noppara), 野良 (nora)
the hidden part of a structure
Antonym: 化粧 (keshō)

Derived terms

Prefix

wild
^{The template Template:ja-usex-inline does not use the parameter(s): sort=の
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rustic, unsophisticated

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
野
や Grade: 2
on'yomi

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 野 read as や#や Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#や Category:Japanese terms read with on'yomi#や

From Middle Chinese Category:Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese#や Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#や野 (MC yaeX).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) や [yáꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ja̠]Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation#の

Category:Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)#の Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent#の

Affix

野(や) • (yaCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#野 Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#野) Category:Japanese lemmas#や Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#や Category:Japanese affixes#や Category:Japanese terms with multiple readings#や Category:Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji#や Category:Japanese terms with 1 kanji#や Category:Japanese terms spelled with 野#や Category:Japanese single-kanji terms#や Category:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#や Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

Derived terms

Noun

野(や) • (yaCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#野 Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#野) Category:Japanese lemmas#や Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#や Category:Japanese nouns#や Category:Japanese terms with multiple readings#や Category:Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji#や Category:Japanese terms with 1 kanji#や Category:Japanese terms spelled with 野#や Category:Japanese single-kanji terms#や Category:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#や Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

an area, field
Synonyms: 野原 (nohara), 野っ原 (noppara), 野良 (nora)
a private or civil matter
Synonym: 民間 (minkan)

Idioms

野(や)に遺(い)賢(けん)無(な)し (ya ni iken nashi)
野(や)に下(くだ)る (ya ni kudaru)

Adjective

(archaic Category:Japanese terms with archaic senses#の) rustic, unsophisticated

Inflection

Classical conjugation of "野なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	野なら	やなら	yanara
Continuative (連用形)	野に^[1] 野なり^[2]	やにやなり	yani yanari
Terminal (終止形)	野なり	やなり	yanari
Attributive (連体形)	野なる	やなる	yanaru
Realis (已然形)	野なれ	やなれ	yanare
Imperative (命令形)	野なれ	やなれ	yanare
Key constructions
Negative	野ならず	やならず	yanarazu
Contrasting conjunction	野なれど	やなれど	yanaredo
Causal conjunction	野なれば	やなれば	yanareba
Conditional conjunction	野ならば	やならば	yanaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	野なりき	やなりき	yanariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	野なりけり	やなりけり	yanarikeri
Adverbial	野に	やに	yani

^[1]Without auxiliary verb.
^[2]With auxiliary verb.

References

↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林Category:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#野 Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#野 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“野”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Alternative forms

埜

Etymology

From Middle Chinese Category:Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese#야 Category:Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#야 野 (MC yaeX).

Historical readings
Dongguk Jeongun reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	양〯 (Yale: yǎ)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527	ᄆᆡ〮Category:Middle Korean links with redundant wikilinks#野 (Yale: móy)	야〯 (Yale: yǎ)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ja̠(ː)]Category:Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable#野
Phonetic hangul: [야(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

野

野 (eumhun 들 야 (deul ya))Category:Korean lemmas#야 Category:Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#야 Category:Korean hanja#야 Category:Korean entries with incorrect language header#야 Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

hanja form^? of 야 (“field; area”)Category:Korean hanja forms#野
hanja form^? of 야 (“wild; savage; untamed”)Category:Korean hanja forms#野

Compounds

광야 (曠野/廣野, gwang'ya)
분야 (分野, bunya)
시야 (視野, siya)
야구 (野球, yagu)
야당 (野黨, yadang)
야만 (野蠻, yaman)
야망 (野望, yamang)
야박 (野薄, yabak)
야비 (野卑/野鄙, yabi)
야성 (野性, yaseong)
야심 (野心, yasim)
야영 (野營, yayeong)
야외 (野外, yaoe)
야욕 (野慾, yayok)
야인 (野人, yain)
야채 (野菜, yachae)
임야 (林野, imya)
재야 (在野, jaeya)

Noun

Hanja in this term
野

野 • (ya) (hangeul 야)Category:Korean lemmas#야 Category:Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#야 Category:Korean nouns#야 Category:Korean nouns in Han script#야 Category:Korean terms with redundant script codes#야 Category:Korean entries with incorrect language header#야 Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

(in news headlines) short for 野(야)黨(당) (yadang, “(politics) the opposition party”)Category:Korean links with redundant wikilinks#野Category:Korean short forms#野
Antonym: 與(여) (yeo, “(politics) the ruling party”)Category:Korean links with redundant wikilinks#野

Usage notes

A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

Derived terms

與(여)野(야) (yeoya, “(politics) the opposing parties”)Category:Korean links with redundant wikilinks#野

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic Category:Old Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic#の Category:Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#の Category:Old Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic#の *no.

Pronunciation appears to be distinct from の (no₂, possessive and case-marker particle).

Noun

野 (no₁) (kana の)Category:Old Japanese lemmas#ぬ Category:Old Japanese nouns#ぬ Category:Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ぬ Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

an area, field

Derived terms

野つ鳥 (no₁ tu to₂ri, pillow word)
野守 (no₁mori)
毛野 (Ke₁no₁)
小野 (wono₁)

Descendants

Japanese: 野 (no)

Etymology 2

The second sense is based on 国学 (kokugaku) scholars' reading of man'yōgana 努, 怒, 弩, etc. as ⟨nu⟩ instead of ⟨no₁⟩ before regional differences in Old Japanese terms of were discovered.

Noun

野 (nu) (kana ぬ)Category:Old Japanese lemmas#ぬ Category:Old Japanese nouns#ぬ Category:Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ぬ Category:Pages with entries#野 Category:Pages with 6 entries#野

(regional Category:Regional Old Japanese#ぬ Category:Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#ぬ, Eastern Old Japanese) an area, field
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4387:
  , text here
  知波乃奴乃古乃弖加之波能保保麻例等阿夜爾加奈之美於枳弖他加枳奴
  Tiba-no₂-nu no₂ ko₁no₂te-gasipa no₂ popomaredo₂ aya ni kanasimi₁ oki₁te ta ga ki₁nu
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  Category:Old Japanese terms with usage examples#ぬ Category:Requests for translations of Old Japanese usage examples#ぬ
misspelling of 野 (no₁)Category:Old Japanese misspellings#ぬ, from the view of an Edo-period scholar of the Man'yōshū and other Old Japanese literature

Derived terms

毛野 (Ke₁nu)

Vietnamese

Han character

野: Hán Việt readings: dã (以(dĩ)者(giả)切(thiết))^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]Category:Vietnamese Chữ Hán#里04 Category:Vietnamese lemmas Category:Vietnamese Han characters
野: Nôm readings: nhả^[1]^[2], rã^[1]Category:Vietnamese Nom#里04 Category:Vietnamese lemmas Category:Vietnamese Han characters

chữ Hán form of dã (“(only in compounds) wild, savage, rustic”)Category:Vietnamese Chữ Hán
chữ Nôm form of nhả (“to stop holding in mouth, to spit out”)Category:Vietnamese Nom
- Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經), 12th century, folio 11b
  本𱺵把恩呐古䔲野古兀。
  Bốn là trả ơn nuốt của đắng nhả của ngọt.
  The fourth is the kindness of swallowing the bitter [and] spitting out the sweet.
  Category:Vietnamese terms with usage examples#里04

Compounds

References

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林Category:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#野 Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#野 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[tdcndg-2] 1 2 3 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-3] 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-4] Trần (2004).

[btcn-5] Hồ (1976).

[bonet-6] Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-7] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-8] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

Wikimore

野

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Etymology 4

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Prefix

Derived terms

Idioms

Proverbs

Proper noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Affix

Derived terms

Noun

Idioms

Adjective

Inflection

References

Korean

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

Noun

Usage notes

Derived terms

References

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Vietnamese

Han character

Compounds

References