匹
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Translingual
Han character
匹Category:Translingual lemmas#匸02匹Category:Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#匸02匹Category:Translingual symbols#匸02匹Category:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#匸02匹Category:Translingual entries with incorrect language header#匸02匹Category:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹 (Kangxi radical 23, 匸+2, 4 strokes, Cangjie input 尸金 (SC), four-corner 71711, composition ⿷匚儿(GJKV) or ⿷匸⿰丿㇄(HT))Category:Han char with multiple idsCategory:Han script characters#匸02匹
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 154, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2673
- Dae Jaweon: page 347, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 81, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5339
Chinese
| trad. | 匹 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 匹 | |
| alternative forms | 疋 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 匹 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Uncertain. Various theories have been proposed based on the evidence from the bronze inscriptions:
- Pictogram (象形)Category:Han pictograms#匸02 of folds in cloth (Lin, 1920);
- Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰid)Category:Han phono-semantic compounds#匸02: semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ)Category:Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations#匹 or 乀 (MC phjut). The phonetic component may be replaced with 匕 (OC *pilʔ) (not shown above);
- Ideogram (指事)Category:Han ideograms#匸02: half of 丙 (“two horses”) – one horse (Zhang et al., 1996), but the origin of the character 丙 is also uncertain (for example, it could be the tail of a fish).
Shuowen considers it to be an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意)Category:Han ideogrammic compounds#匸02 and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰid)Category:Han phono-semantic compounds#匸02: phonetic 八 (OC *preːd, “eight”)Category:Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations#匹 + semantic 匸 (“to conceal”) – unit of measuring cloth. 八 refers to eight folds in one 匹 of cloth (two bolts of cloth), and 匸 refers to concealing the two ends of the cloth when rolling it up. This interpretation is not likely since the older forms evidently do not contain these components.
Etymology 1
UncertainCategory:Chinese terms with unknown etymologies#匸02. Possibly related to Khmer ពីរ (pii, “two”) or Mizo phîr (“double; forked; twin”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Wang (1982) considers it to be cognate with 比 (OC *piʔ, “to compare; to match”), 媲 (OC *pʰiːs, “to match; to pair”).
The meaning “four zhang of cloth” is probably a special application, but it is reminiscent of Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pV-lij (“four”) (ibid.).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pi2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): pat1
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): pĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): pék
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pih6
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7phiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pǐ
- Wade–Giles: pʻi3
- Yale: pǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pii
- Palladius: пи (pi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: pi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pi
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: pat1
- Yale: pāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: pat7
- Guangdong Romanization: ped1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phit
- Hakka Romanization System: pidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pid5
- Sinological IPA: /pʰit̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: pid
- Sinological IPA: /pʰit⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: pék
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: pih6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pih
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiʔ²¹/
- (Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: pih6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰeʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: pih6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiʔ²/
- (Putian, Nanri)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: phjit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰi[t]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pʰid/
Definitions
匹Category:Chinese lemmas#匸02Category:Chinese hanzi#匸02Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#匸02Category:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹
- (obsolete on its own in Standard ChineseCategory:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#匸02) to match; to be equal
- 匹配 ― pǐpèi ― to matchCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 匹敵/匹敌 ― pǐdí ― to be equalCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- (obsolete on its own in Standard ChineseCategory:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#匸02) match; equal; opponent
- (obsolete on its own in Standard ChineseCategory:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#匸02) mate; spouse
- (obsolete on its own in Standard ChineseCategory:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#匸02) single; one
- (obsolete on its own in Standard ChineseCategory:Chinese terms with obsolete senses#匸02) four zhang of cloth
- Classifier for bolts of cloth.
- 一匹布 ― yī pǐ bù ― a bolt of clothCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- (SichuaneseCategory:Sichuanese Chinese#匸02) Classifier for flat surfaces or objects (hillside, leaves, tiles, etc.).
- (SichuaneseCategory:Sichuanese Chinese#匸02) Classifier for long, thin objects (bones, feathers, grass, bamboo strips, etc.).
- (SichuaneseCategory:Sichuanese Chinese#匸02) Classifier for pieces or lumps (bricks, etc.).
- (SichuaneseCategory:Sichuanese Chinese#匸02) Classifier for mountains.
- a surnameCategory:Chinese surnames#匸02
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin):
- (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˇ, ㄆㄧ
- Category:Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pi2
- (Standard)
- Cantonese (Jyutping): pat1
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phit / phek
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7phiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pǐ
- Wade–Giles: pʻi3
- Yale: pǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pii
- Palladius: пи (pi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pī
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pi
- Wade–Giles: pʻi1
- Yale: pī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pi
- Palladius: пи (pi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi⁵⁵/Category:Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations#pǐ
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: pi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pi
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi²¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: pat1
- Yale: pāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: pat7
- Guangdong Romanization: ped1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: phjit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰi[t]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pʰid/
Definitions
匹Category:Chinese lemmas#匸02Category:Chinese hanzi#匸02Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#匸02Category:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹
- Classifier for horses, donkeys, mules, etc.
- 1617, 張應俞, “脫剝騙”, in 騙經:
- 時有一匹銀合好馬,價約值四十金。Category:Chinese terms with quotations#匸02
- Shí yǒu yī pǐ yínhé hǎo mǎ, jià yuē zhēn sìshí jīn.
- At the time, there was a fine horse with a silvery coat, which cost about forty gold coins.
- 一匹馬/一匹马 ― yī pǐ mǎ ― a horseCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 一匹斑馬/一匹斑马 ― yī pǐ bānmǎ ― a zebraCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 一匹狼 ― yī pǐ láng ― a wolfCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 一匹馬騾/一匹马骡 ― yī pǐ mǎluó ― a muleCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 一匹駱駝/一匹骆驼 ― yī pǐ luòtuó ― a camelCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 一匹騸馬/一匹骟马 ― yī pǐ shànmǎ ― a geldingCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 一匹騾子/一匹骡子 ― yī pǐ luózi ― a muleCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations
- (dialectalCategory:Chinese dialectal terms#匸02, including SichuaneseCategory:Sichuanese Chinese#匸02) Classifier for animals.
- 阿Q沒有說完話,拔步便跑;追來的是一匹很肥大的黑狗。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1922, 魯迅Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#匹 (Lu Xun), 阿Q正傳Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#匹 (The True Story of Ah Q), translation from the Marxists Internet Archive
- Ā Q méiyǒu shuō wán huà, bábù biàn pǎo; zhuī lái de shì yī pǐ hěn féidà de hēi gǒu. [Pinyin]
- Leaving his sentence unfinished, Ah Q took to his heels as fast as he could, followed by an enormously fat, black dog.
阿Q没有说完话,拔步便跑;追来的是一匹很肥大的黑狗。 [MSC, simp.]- 吱吱吱,一匹耗子在什麼暗角裡鳴叫。 [Sichuanese, trad.]
- From: 1974, 克非 (Kefei), 春潮急
- Squeak squeak squeak, a mouse is squeaking in some dark corner.
吱吱吱,一匹耗子在什么暗角里鸣叫。 [Sichuanese, simp.]
- horsepower
- 張女士投訴稱,因為家裡一台一匹分體空調不製冷,以為是雪種不夠了,就花了100元加雪種,但是兩天之後又不製冷了。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2007 August 3, 空调加雪种陷阱面面观, in 南方都市报
- Zhāng nǚshì tóusù chēng, yīnwèi jiālǐ yī tái yī pǐ fēntǐ kōngdiào bù zhìlěng, yǐwèi shì xuězhǒng bùgòu le, jiù huā le 100 yuán jiā xuězhǒng, dànshì liǎng tiān zhīhòu yòu bù zhìlěng le. [Pinyin]
- Ms. Zhang filed a complaint, saying that because her house's one-horsepower split air conditioner was not blowing cold air, she thought there were not enough freons. She spent 100 yuan to add freons, but two days later it was not blowing cold air again.
张女士投诉称,因为家里一台一匹分体空调不制冷,以为是雪种不够了,就花了100元加雪种,但是两天之后又不制冷了。 [MSC, simp.]
- BTU (energy unit)
Synonyms
Compounds
Etymology 2
Borrowed from ThaiCategory:Cantonese terms borrowed from Thai#匸02Category:Cantonese terms derived from Thai#匸02 บาท (bàat, “baht”).
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: pat1
- Yale: pāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: pat7
- Guangdong Romanization: ped1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
匹Category:Chinese lemmas#匸02Category:Chinese hanzi#匸02Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#匸02Category:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹
- (CantoneseCategory:Cantonese Chinese#匸02) baht; a Thai unit of currency
- 五百匹 [Cantonese] ― ng5 baak3 pat1 [Jyutping] ― five hundred bahtCategory:Cantonese terms with collocations
Synonyms
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pǐ
- Wade–Giles: pʻi3
- Yale: pǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pii
- Palladius: пи (pi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pī
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pi
- Wade–Giles: pʻi1
- Yale: pī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pi
- Palladius: пи (pi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi⁵⁵/Category:Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations#pǐ
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: pat1
- Yale: pāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: pat7
- Guangdong Romanization: ped1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
匹Category:Chinese lemmas#匸02Category:Chinese hanzi#匸02Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#匸02Category:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹
- Used in transcription.
Compounds
Etymology 4
| For pronunciation and definitions of 匹Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#匹 – see 鴄 (“duck”). (This character is a variant form of 鴄). |
References
- “匹”, in 漢語多功能字庫Category:Chinese terms with redundant script codes#匹 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#匹 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “匹”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 231.
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: ひち (hichi)Category:Japanese terms with redundant transliterations#匹
- Kan-on: ひつ (hitsu, Jōyō)Category:Japanese terms with redundant transliterations#匹
- Kun: ひき (hiki, 匹, Jōyō)Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations#匹、たぐい (tagui)Category:Japanese terms with redundant transliterations#匹、たぐう (taguu, 匹う)Category:Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations#匹Category:Japanese kanji with goon reading ひち#匸02Category:Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ひつ#匸02Category:Japanese kanji with kun reading ひき#匸02Category:Japanese kanji with kun reading たぐい#匸02Category:Japanese kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation#匸02Category:Japanese kanji with kun reading たぐ・う#匸02
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 匹 |
| ひき Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
The original hichi reading evolved into hiki by association with 引き (hiki, “pulling”), from the way that an animal's leash is pulled. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)Category:Requests for references for etymologies in Japanese entries#ひき
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) ひき [hìkíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
- IPA(key): [çikʲi]Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation#ひき
Counter
匹 • (-hikiCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#匹) Category:Japanese lemmas#ひきCategory:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#ひきCategory:Japanese counters#ひきCategory:Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji#ひきCategory:Japanese terms with 1 kanji#ひきCategory:Japanese terms spelled with 匹#ひきCategory:Japanese single-kanji terms#ひきCategory:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ひきCategory:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹
- small animals
- 犬が一匹います。
- Inu ga ippiki imasu.
- There is one dog.
- 猫三匹を飼っています。
- Neko sanbiki o katte imasu.
- I have three cats.
- 1984 February 20 [1983 June 15], Motoka Murakami, “気になる新任先生の巻 [A Little Worried about the New Teacher]”, in 六三四の剣Category:Japanese terms with redundant script codes#匹Category:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#匹 [Musashi’s Sword], 4th edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 147:
- 先生 いたべ⁉
- Sensei ita be⁉
- Are they in there, Sensei!?
- Ō! Ita zo. Masshiroi mesuinu ga o-san no massaichū da. Ni~sanbiki umareteru ga, mada ato sanbiki gurai wa umareru na.
- Yeah! There’s a white dog giving birth in there. 2 or 3 pups have come out but there’s probably 3 more to come.
- Shiroi mesuinu⁉ Hyotto suru to…⁉ Hora Musashi, mae ni Toichi sa yoku shiroi norainu to issho ni asonde ita deshō.
- A white dog!? Could it be…!? Hey Musashi, you remember Toichi used to go stay with a white stray dog a while back?
- Un‼
- Yeah!!
- Kitto Toichi no ko yo‼ Toichi to ano shiroi inu to no aka-chan yo!
- These must be Toichi’s puppies!! They’re Toichi and that white dog’s babies!
- 先生 いたべ⁉
- 2010 March 17 [2010 July 5], Hajime Isayama, “その日 [That Day]”, in 進撃の巨人 [Attack on Titan], 4th edition, volume 1, Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, pages 86–87:
- 駆逐してやる‼この世から…一匹…残らず‼
- Kuchikushite yaru‼ Kono yo kara… ippiki… nokorazu‼
- I will wipe them out!! Every single one... of those pests... off the face of the earth!!
- 駆逐してやる‼この世から…一匹…残らず‼
- 犬が一匹います。
- rolls of cloth
- (historicalCategory:Japanese terms with historical senses#ひき) numbers of 銭 (sen)
Usage notes
- Depending on the preceding word, -hiki may change via rendaku to become -biki or -piki.
| Number | Kanji | Kana | Romaji |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 一匹 | いっぴき | ippiki |
| 2 | 二匹 | にひき | nihiki |
| 3 | 三匹 | さんびき | sanbiki |
| 4 | 四匹 | よんひき | yonhiki |
| 5 | 五匹 | ごひき | gohiki |
| 6 | 六匹 | ろっぴき | roppiki |
| 7 | 七匹 | ななひき、しちひき | nanahiki, shichihiki |
| 8 | 八匹 | はっぴき、はちひき | happiki, hachihiki |
| 9 | 九匹 | きゅうひき | kyūhiki |
| 10 | 十匹 | じっぴき、じゅっぴき | jippiki, juppiki |
| 11 | 十一匹 | じゅういっぴき | jūippiki |
| 12 | 十二匹 | じゅうにひき | jūnihiki |
| 13 | 十三匹 | じゅうさんびき | jūsanbiki |
| 20 | 二十匹 | にじっぴき、にじゅっぴき | nijippiki, nijuppiki |
| 21 | 二十一匹 | にじゅういっぴき | nijūippiki |
| 100 | 百匹 | ひゃっぴき | hyappiki |
| 1,000 | 千匹 | せんびき | senbiki |
| 10,000 | 一万匹 | いちまんびき | ichimanbiki |
| 100,000,000 | 一億匹 | いちおくひき | ichiokuhiki |
| 0 | 0匹、零匹 | ゼロひき、れいひき | zerohiki, reihiki |
| ? | 何匹 | なんびき、なんひき | nanbiki, nanhiki |
Alternative forms
References
- “匹”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
- Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典Category:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#匹 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
匹 • (pil, mok)Category:Korean lemmas#필,%20목Category:Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#필,%20목Category:Korean hanja#필,%20목Category:Korean terms with redundant script codes#필,%20목Category:Korean entries with incorrect language header#필,%20목Category:Pages with entries#匹Category:Pages with 5 entries#匹 (hangeul 필, 목, revised pil, mok, McCune–Reischauer p'il, mok)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.Category:Requests for definitions in Korean entries#匸02Category:Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#匸02
Vietnamese
Han character
匹: Hán Nôm readings: thấtCategory:Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters#匹, sấtCategory:Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters#匹, sơCategory:Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters#匹, sớtCategory:Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters#匹, sứtCategory:Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters#匹, thớtCategory:Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks#匹Category:Vietnamese links with redundant alt parameters#匹Category:Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings#匸02 Category:Vietnamese lemmas Category:Vietnamese Han characters
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.Category:Requests for definitions in Vietnamese entries#匸02Category:Vietnamese terms with redundant sortkeys#匸02