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See also: 爯

再	U+518D, 再 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-518D

← 册
[U+518C]

CJK Unified Ideographs Category:CJK Unified Ideographs block#*0000020877

冎 →
[U+518E]

Category:Han script characters#%20

Category:Character boxes with images#*0000194581

再	U+2F815, 再 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F815

← 內
[U+2F814]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement Category:CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement block#*0000194581

𠕋 →
[U+2F816]

Category:Unspecified script characters#%20

Translingual

Stroke order (Mainland China)

Stroke order (Sans-serif)

Han character

再Category:Translingual lemmas#冂04再 Category:Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys#冂04再 Category:Translingual symbols#冂04再 Category:Translingual terms with redundant script codes#冂04再 Category:Translingual entries with incorrect language header#冂04再 Category:Pages with entries#再 Category:Pages with 5 entries#再 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+4, 6 strokes, Cangjie input 一土月 (MGB), four-corner 1044₇, composition ⿱一冉)Category:Han script characters#冂04再

Derived characters

侢, 洅

Additional Derived Characters

𠱻, 𱖝, 𫰝, 𭠣, 𤞕, 𤥆, 𦛍, 𮵏, 𧋁, 𲌴, 𱾇
𭁥, 𮟸, 𠕱, 𱎒, 𭶭, 𫇶, 𫁌, 𫳬, 𢈖, 𦆷, 𦦍

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 129, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1524
Dae Jaweon: page 290, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 18, character 1
Unihan data for U+518D

Unihan data for U+2F815

Chinese

trad.		再/𠕅/𠕂
simp.		再

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 再
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (再) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
再	*ʔsɯːs
洅	*ʔsɯːʔ

Uncertain. There are some hypotheses:

Xu Zhongshu: Bottom half of 冓, pictogram (象形)Category:Han pictograms#冂04 of a fish, then drawn in a similar way to 丙 (perhaps a fish tail). See 魚 and 丙^[1]
Shizuka Shirakawa：Pictogram (象形)Category:Han pictograms#冂04 of tools used for weaving ropes.^[1]
Ji Xusheng: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意)Category:Han ideogrammic compounds#冂04: 魚 (“fish”) + 二 (“two”) – to catch two fish at once (kill two birds with one stone).^[2] Compare the oracle bone script form of 亟.
Xu Shen: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意)Category:Han ideogrammic compounds#冂04: 一 (“one”) + abbreviated 冓 – to catch two fish at once.^[3]
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意)Category:Han ideogrammic compounds#冂04: 一 + 冓 (“the shape of a basket repeatedly woven from bamboo”). It signifies the concept of repeating something that was once done, conveying the meaning of "again."^[4]

References

1 2 漢語多功能字庫 - 字頭「再」
↑ 季旭昇《說文新證》 p316
↑ Shuowen Jiezi
↑ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology

Cognate with 載 (OC *ʔslɯːʔ, “year”), 茲 (OC *ʔsɯ, “year”), 薦 (OC *ʔseːns, “repeatedly”), 洊 (OC *zlɯːns, “again; repeatedly”), 荐 (OC *zlɯːns, “repeatedly”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zài, dài (zai⁴Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#再, dai⁴Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#再)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄞˋ, ㄉㄞˋ

Category:Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zai⁴

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zāi

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): zāi

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зэ (ze, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zoi³
Category:Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation#冂04

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): zui³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): doi¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zai⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chai

(Hailu, HRS): zai^ˇ

(Meixian, Guangdong): zai⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): zai³
Northern Min (KCR): cuo̿i
Eastern Min (BUC): cái
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zai⁴ / ai⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chài

(Teochew, Peng'im): zai³

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): zai⁷
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zaai³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹tse / ⁵tse / ⁵tsi / ⁵tsae / ⁵tsai / ¹tsae
- (Jinhua): ⁵tsae
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan, Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zài
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zài
  - Wade–Giles: tsai⁴
  - Yale: dzài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzay
  - Palladius: цзай (czaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dài
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dài
  - Wade–Giles: tai⁴
  - Yale: dài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
  - Palladius: дай (daj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹/Category:Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations#zài
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: zāi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sæ⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: zāi
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): zai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛ⁴⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зэ (ze, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zoi³
  - Yale: joi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zoi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯³³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: zui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: doi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tᵘɔi³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chai
  - Hakka Romanization System: zai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zai^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sai¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡saɪ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zai³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sai⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cuo̿i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suɛ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cái
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑi²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai, Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zai⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ca̍i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai⁴²/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai, Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ai⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: a̍i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chài
  - Tâi-lô: tsài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zaix
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zai³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: zai⁷
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sai⁵⁵/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: zaai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chuansha, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹tse
  - MiniDict: tse^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tse
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡se⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Chuansha): /t͡se⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡se⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Songjiang, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tse
  - MiniDict: tse^去
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡se³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sɛ⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡se³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡se⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡se⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Songjiang)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsi
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡si³⁵/
- (Northern: Jiading, Jiaxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsae
  - MiniDict: tsae^去
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡se³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sɛ³³⁴/
- (Northern: Chongming, Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsai
  - MiniDict: tsai^去
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sɛ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡sai⁵²³/
- (Northern: Kunshan)
  - Wugniu: ¹tsae
  - Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsae
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai̯⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 再
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡sai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡sai⁵³/ /t͡sai²⁴/ ～見
	Tianjin	/tai⁵³/ /t͡sai⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡sɛ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡sɛ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sai⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡sɛ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡sɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡sɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡sai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sai¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡sai²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡sæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡sae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡se̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sai⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡sæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡sɛ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡se³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡se̞⁵¹/
	Hangzhou	/t͡se̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡se⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sɛ³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sə²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sai⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sai⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sai⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sɑi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɔi²³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɔi³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɔi¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sai²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡suɛ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡sai²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sai³⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsojH

Rime
Character	再
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	作代切
Baxter	tsojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səj^H/
Li Rong	/t͡sᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/t͡sɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤə(ʔ)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	再
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zài
Middle Chinese	‹ tsoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁə(ʔ)-s/
English	twice; a second time
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	再
Reading #	1/1
No.	16511
Phonetic component	再
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	載
Old Chinese	/*ʔsɯːs/

Definitions

再Category:Chinese lemmas#冂04 Category:Chinese hanzi#冂04 Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#冂04 Category:Pages with entries#再 Category:Pages with 5 entries#再

again; once again; a second time; re-
再玩 ― zài wán ― play againCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations

一拖再拖 ― yī tuō zài tuō ― to put off again and againCategory:Mandarin terms with collocations

我再說一遍／我再说一遍 ― wǒ zài shuō yī biàn ― I will say once again.Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples

後來我再也沒見過他了。 [MSC, trad.]
后来我再也没见过他了。 [MSC, simp.]
Hòulái wǒ zài yě méi jiàn guò tā le. [Pinyin]
Afterwards I have never seen him again.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
- 燕子去了，有再來的時候；楊柳枯了，有再青的時候；桃花謝了，有再開的時候。 [MSC, trad.]
  燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1922, Zhu Ziqing, 匆匆 "Hurrily"
  Yànzǐ qù le, yǒu zài lái de shíhòu; yángliǔ kū le, yǒu zài qīng de shíhòu; táohuā xiè le, yǒu zài kāi de shíhòu. [Pinyin]
  Gone are the swallows, still there's a time they'll come again. Wilted are the willows, still there's a time they'll be green again. Withered are the peach blossoms, still there's a time they'll bloom again.
  Category:Mandarin terms with quotations
Used to indicate a continuing situation in conditional or suppositional clauses
再不出發，我們就會趕不上火車了。 [MSC, trad.]
再不出发，我们就会赶不上火车了。 [MSC, simp.]
Zài bù chūfā, wǒmen jiù huì gǎnbùshàng huǒchē le. [Pinyin]
If we don't leave now, we're going to miss the train.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
more; -er
再快一點／再快一点 ― zài kuài yīdiǎn ― fasterCategory:Mandarin terms with usage examples

再大聲啲得唔得呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
再大声啲得唔得呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]
zoi³ daai⁶ seng¹ di¹ dak¹ m⁴ dak¹ aa³? [Jyutping]
Louder please.
Category:Cantonese terms with usage examples

小得不能再小的芝麻小事 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
xiǎo de bùnéng zài xiǎo de zhīmáxiǎoshì [Pinyin]
a trivial matter that cannot be more trivial
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
Used with 也 (yě) and followed by a negative expression; no matter how...still (not)
你再努力也不會成功。 [MSC, trad.]
你再努力也不会成功。 [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ zài nǔlì yě bùhuì chénggōng. [Pinyin]
No matter how hard you work, you will not succeed.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples

有了這件棉衣，再冷的天我也不怕了。 [MSC, trad.]
有了这件棉衣，再冷的天我也不怕了。 [MSC, simp.]
Yǒule zhè jiàn miányī, zài lěng de tiān wǒ yě bù pà le. [Pinyin]
(please add an English translation of this usage example) Category:Requests for translations of Mandarin usage examples
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
then; only then
我們吃過飯再回去吧。 [MSC, trad.]
我们吃过饭再回去吧。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒmen chī guò fàn zài huíqù ba. [Pinyin]
We shall eat before returning.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples

到時再算／到时再算 [Cantonese] ― dou³ si⁴ zoi³ syun³ [Jyutping] ― We'll see when the time comes.Category:Cantonese terms with collocations
in addition; on top of that
(literary Category:Chinese literary terms#冂04) twice
- 季文子三思而後行。子聞之，曰：「再，斯可矣。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  季文子三思而后行。子闻之，曰：「再，斯可矣。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Jìwén Zǐ sānsī ér hòuxíng. Zǐ wén zhī, yuē: “Zài, sī kě yǐ.” [Pinyin]
  Ji Wen thought thrice, and then acted. When the Master was informed of it, he said, "Twice may do."
  Category:Classical Chinese terms with quotations
- 秦趙五戰，秦再勝而趙三勝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  秦赵五战，秦再胜而赵三胜。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Qín Zhào wǔ zhàn, Qín zài shèng ér Zhào sān shèng. [Pinyin]
  Qin and Zhao fought five battles against each other; Qin won twice while Zhao won three times.
  Category:Classical Chinese terms with quotations
(literary Category:Chinese literary terms#冂04) to appear again
青春不再 ― qīngchūn bùzài ― One’s youth never returns.Category:Mandarin terms with collocations
- 嗚呼！勝地不常，盛筵難再；蘭亭已矣，梓澤丘墟。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  呜呼！胜地不常，盛筵难再；兰亭已矣，梓泽丘墟。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 王勃Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#再 Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#再 (Wang Bo), 滕王閣序
  Wūhū! Shèngdì bùcháng, shèngyán nán zài; Lántíng yǐ yǐ, Zǐzé qiūxū. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example) Category:Requests for translations of Classical Chinese usage examples
  Category:Classical Chinese terms with quotations
a surnameCategory:Chinese surnames#冂04

Usage notes

In Old Chinese, 再 (OC *ʔsɯːs) strictly meant "twice" and not "again". The "second time" sense developed around the Tang dynasty.

再 (zài) is used for something that has not happened, while 又 (yòu) is used for something that already happened.

Synonyms

(one again):

edit

再度 (zàidù) (formal)
再次 (zàicì)
重再 (Min Nan)
閣再 / 阁再 (Hokkien)

Dialectal synonyms of 才 (“only after; only then; not ... until”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		才₂Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再, 再, 方, 始, 方才
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	才₂Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	才₂Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
Cantonese	Guangzhou	先, 至, 先至
Cantonese	Hong Kong	先, 至, 先至, 再
Hakka	Meixian	正
Southern Min	Xiamen	才₃Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
	Quanzhou	才₃Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
	Zhangzhou	才₃Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再, 甲
	Singapore (Hokkien)	才₃Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
	Manila (Hokkien)	才₃Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
	Shantou	正
	Singapore (Teochew)	正
Wu	Shanghai	再, 才₂Category:Chinese links with manual fragments#再
Wu	Suzhou	再
Xiang	Changsha	才至