Wikimore

Historical forms of the character 同
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
鮦	duʔ, doːŋ, *doŋʔ
侗	tʰoːŋ, tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
恫	tʰoːŋ, doːŋs
痌	*tʰoːŋ
同	*doːŋ
仝	zlon, doːŋ
銅	*doːŋ
桐	*doːŋ
峒	doːŋ, doːŋs
硐	doːŋ, doːŋʔ
筒	doːŋ, doːŋs
洞	doːŋ, doːŋs
烔	*doːŋ
挏	doːŋ, doːŋʔ
酮	doːŋ, doːŋʔ
鲖
眮	doːŋ, doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
衕	doːŋ, doːŋs
哃	*doːŋ
絧	doːŋ, doːŋs
姛	*doːŋʔ
詷	doːŋʔ, doːŋs
胴	*doːŋs
駧	*doːŋs
迵	*doːŋs
戙	*doːŋs

Pictogram (象形)Category:Han pictograms#口03: a pipe — original form of 筒 (OC *doːŋ, *doːŋs, “pipe”). 口 was added later to mark the opening and prevent confusion.

In early forms, 同 (tóng) and 凡 were distinguished not by the presence of 口, but by symmetry: 同 (tóng) is symmetrical, while 凡 (fán) has its right stroke sweeping outward.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		同
alternative forms		仝冈詷／𫍣𧇌

Perhaps related to Tibetan སྡོང་བ (sdong ba, “to unite; to join”), Mizo intawng (inᴸ-tɔŋᴴ, “to meet together; to tally; to agree”), Mizo intawn (inᴸ-tɔn^F, “to meet together; to tally; to agree”). Unrelated to 叢 (OC *zloːŋ, “to collect; thicket”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): tóng (tong²Category:Mandarin links with redundant target parameters#同)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˊ

Category:Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tong²

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): tóng

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): tón

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тун (tun, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tung⁴
Category:Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation#口03

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): tung⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): huung³
Gan (Wiktionary): tung²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thùng

(Hailu, HRS): tung

(Meixian, Guangdong): tung²
Jin (Wiktionary): tung¹
Northern Min (KCR): dǒ̤ng
Eastern Min (BUC): dùng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dang² / dorng²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tâng / tông

(Teochew, Peng'im): dang⁵ / tong⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): dang⁵ / tong⁵
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): doeng⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶don / ²don
- (Jinhua): ²don
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dong²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tóng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tóng
  - Wade–Giles: tʻung²
  - Yale: túng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: torng
  - Palladius: тун (tun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: tong²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoŋ²¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: tóng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuəŋ²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: tón
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): ton²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoŋ²⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тун (tun, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: tung⁴
  - Yale: tùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: tung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: huung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: tung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuŋ²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: tung^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tung²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: tung
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tung²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰʊŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: tung¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰuŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǒ̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dang²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dang²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ²⁴/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒŋ²⁴/

Note:

dang2 - vernacular;
dorng2 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâng
  - Tâi-lô: tâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daang
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /taŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /taŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông
  - Tâi-lô: tông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doong
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /tɔŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²³/

Note:

tâng - vernacular;
tông - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dang⁵ / tong⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tâng / thông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ⁵⁵/, /tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

dang5 - vernacular;
tong5 - literary.

- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: dang⁵ / tong⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /taŋ²²/, /tʰɔŋ²²/

Note:

dang5 - vernacular;
tong5 - literary.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: doeng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tøŋ²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶don
  - MiniDict: don^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³don
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /doŋ²³/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ²don
  - MiniDict: don^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /doŋ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /doŋ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /doŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /doŋ²²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /doŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /doŋ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /doŋ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /doŋ²³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /doŋ³¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /doŋ²²/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ²don
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /doŋ³¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: dong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /tʊŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /tən¹³/

Middle Chinese: duwng

Rime
Character	同
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒紅切
Baxter	duwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/duŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/duŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəwŋ/
Li Rong	/duŋ/
Wang Li	/duŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤoŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*doːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	同
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tóng
Middle Chinese	‹ duwng ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁoŋ/
English	together, join
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	同
Reading #	1/1
No.	12446
Phonetic component	同
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	同
Old Chinese	/*doːŋ/
Notes	甲金文象有節筒管與口協合，如此方能音律諧和，爲筒（簫）初文

Definitions

同Category:Chinese lemmas#口03 Category:Chinese hanzi#口03 Category:Chinese entries with incorrect language header#口03 Category:Pages with entries#同 Category:Pages with 5 entries#同

same; identical
同類／同类 ― tónglèi ― people or things of the same kindCategory:Mandarin terms with usage examples

同一個世界，同一個夢想。 [MSC, trad.]
同一个世界，同一个梦想。 [MSC, simp.]
Tóng yīge shìjiè, tóng yīge mèngxiǎng. [Pinyin]
One World, One Dream.
(literally, “The Same World, The Same Dream.”)
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples

同幾首歌／同几首歌 [Cantonese] ― tung⁴ gei² sau² go¹ [Jyutping] ― the same old songsCategory:Cantonese terms with usage examples
to be the same as
同上 ― tóngshàng ― to be the same as above (aforementioned)Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
together; with each other
有福同享，有難同當 [MSC, trad.]
有福同享，有难同当 [MSC, simp.]
yǒu fú tóng xiǎng, yǒu nàn tóng dāng [Pinyin]
to share joy together and bear hardship together
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
with (indicating accompaniment or relationship)
Synonym: 跟 (gēn)

我同你去 ― wǒ tóng nǐ qù ― I am going with you.Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples

他同這件事無關。 [MSC, trad.]
他同这件事无关。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā tóng zhè jiàn shì wúguān. [Pinyin]
He has nothing to do with this.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
(introducing the recipient of an action) with
Synonym: 跟 (gēn)

有件事情我想同你商量一下。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
Yǒu jiàn shìqíng wǒ xiǎng tóng nǐ shāngliàng yīxià. [Pinyin]
This is something that I want to discuss with you.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples

我先唔同佢哋買呀。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我先唔同佢哋买呀。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ sin¹ m⁴ tung⁴ keoi⁵ dei⁶ maai⁵ aa³. [Jyutping]
I will definitely not buy from them.
Category:Cantonese terms with usage examples
- 我懷著感激與敬重的心情同他道别。 [MSC, trad.]
  我怀著感激与敬重的心情同他道别。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 卢存岳 (19 December 1987), “赴“二外”讲学乘车小记”, in People's Daily (in Chinese), page 5
  Wǒ huái zhe gǎnjī yǔ jìngzhòng de xīnqíng tóng tā dàobié. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example) Category:Requests for translations of Mandarin usage examples
  Category:Mandarin terms with quotations
- 國家主席習近平12月9日晚同法國總統馬克龍通電話。 [MSC, trad.]
  国家主席习近平12月9日晚同法国总统马克龙通电话。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 9 December 2020, 习近平同法国总统马克龙通电话两国元首就下阶段中法合作达成重要共识
  Guójiā zhǔxí Xí Jìnpíng 12 yuè 9 rì wǎn tóng Fǎguó zǒngtǒng Mǎkèlóng tōng diànhuà. [Pinyin]
  On the evening of 9 December, President Xi Jinping had a telephone conversation with French President Macron.
  Category:Mandarin terms with quotations
used to show comparison
今年的氣候同往年不一樣。 [MSC, trad.]
今年的气候同往年不一样。 [MSC, simp.]
Jīnnián de qìhòu tóng wǎngnián bù yīyàng. [Pinyin]
The climate this year is different from which of the past.
Category:Mandarin terms with usage examples
and
我買咗一包米同一罐汽水。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我买咗一包米同一罐汽水。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ maai⁵ zo² jat¹ baau¹ mai⁵ tung⁴ jat¹ gun³ hei³ seoi². [Jyutping]
I bought a pack of rice and a can of soft drink.
Category:Cantonese terms with usage examples

巴西同阿根廷都係南美洲國家。 [Cantonese, trad.]
巴西同阿根廷都系南美洲国家。 [Cantonese, simp.]
baa¹ sai¹ tung⁴ aa³ gan¹ ting⁴ dou¹ hai⁶ naam⁴ mei⁵ zau¹ gwok³ gaa¹. [Jyutping]
Brazil and Argentina are both South American countries.
Category:Cantonese terms with usage examples
(dialectal Category:Chinese dialectal terms#口03, including Cantonese Category:Cantonese Chinese#口03) for
同我攞杯水，唔該。 [Cantonese, trad.]
同我𫽋杯水，唔该。 [Cantonese, simp.]
tung⁴ ngo⁵ lo² bui¹ seoi², m⁴ goi¹. [Jyutping]
Please get me a cup of water.
Category:Cantonese terms with usage examples
(Cantonese Category:Cantonese Chinese#口03) Used in the form of 同我 in imperative sentences for emphasis.
你同我收聲！ [Cantonese, trad.]
你同我收声！ [Cantonese, simp.]
nei⁵ tung⁴ ngo⁵ sau¹ seng¹! [Jyutping]
Shut the heck up!
Category:Cantonese terms with usage examples
(Teochew Category:Teochew Chinese#口03) from (a place or time)
(Puxian Min Category:Puxian Min Chinese#口03) to side with (someone); to take sides
a surnameCategory:Chinese surnames#口03

Synonyms

(and):

Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		與, 及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		和, 與, 及, 與及 Cantonese
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	跟, 和
	Taiwan	跟, 和
	Malaysia	和, 跟
	Singapore	和, 跟
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	和, 跟, 給
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	和
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	和
	Wanrong (Ronghe)	連
	Xi'an	跟, 連
	Xining	帶, 和
	Xuzhou	給
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	帶
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	連
	Lanzhou	跟, 和
	Ürümqi	跟, 連, 和
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	跟, 給, 和
	Wuhan	跟
	Guiyang	跟, 同, 和
	Guilin	跟, 和
	Liuzhou	跟, 同, 和
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	告, 跟
	Yangzhou	跟, 交
	Hefei	跟
Cantonese	Guangzhou	同, 同埋, 共
	Hong Kong	同, 同埋
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	同
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	同
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	同
	Macau	同, 同埋
	Taishan	同埋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	同, 同埋
	Dongguan	同, 同埋
	Yangjiang	鄧, 同
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	同
	Penang (Guangfu)	同
	Singapore (Guangfu)	同
Gan	Nanchang	跟, 同
	Lichuan	和
	Pingxiang	同, 跟
Hakka	Meixian	同, 摎
	Yudu	澗
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	摎
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	同
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	摎
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	同
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	摎
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	和
	Hong Kong	摎
	Kuching (Hepo)	佮
Huizhou	Jixi	搭
	Shexian	搭
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	和, 合
	Xiuning	合
	Yixian	和, 同
	Qimen	跟
	Wuyuan	剛
Jin	Taiyuan	和, 跟
Jin	Xinzhou	給
Northern Min	Jian'ou	邀
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	邀, 儉, 教
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	邀
	Pucheng (Shibei)	邀, 跟
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	共
	Fuzhou (Changle)	共
	Fuqing	共
	Yongtai	共
	Gutian	共
	Fu'an	共
	Ningde	共
	Shouning	隨
	Zhouning	傮, 共
	Fuding	跟
Southern Min	Xiamen	佮, 交
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	佮
	Quanzhou	佮, 交
	Zhangzhou	佮
	Tainan	佮
	Hsinchu	交
	Penang (Hokkien)	佮
	Singapore (Hokkien)	佮
	Manila (Hokkien)	佮, 交
	Chaozhou	佮, 共
	Shantou	佮
	Jieyang	佮
	Singapore (Teochew)	佮
	Pontianak (Teochew)	佮
	Leizhou	共
	Wenchang	共
	Haikou	共
	Qionghai	共
Puxian Min	Putian	共
Puxian Min	Xianyou	共
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	同, 同埋
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	跟, 邀
Wu	Shanghai	脫, 脫仔, 得, 得仔, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同, 跟
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	搭
	Shanghai (Jiading)	搭, 脫, 脫仔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	脫
	Suzhou	搭, 搭仔
	Danyang	同, 跟
	Hangzhou	同
	Ningbo	搭, 搭仔
	Wenzhou	伉
	Jinhua	亨, 跟
Xiang	Changsha	跟
	Loudi	跟
	Shuangfeng	跟, 同

(for):

Dialectal synonyms of 替 (“for”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		替, 為
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	給, 替
	Taiwan	給, 替
	Singapore	替
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	給, 替
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	替, 給
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	幫, 給, 跟
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	跟, 幫
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	代, 替
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	代, 幫
Cantonese	Guangzhou	同, 幫
	Hong Kong	同, 幫
	Yangjiang	替, 幐
Gan	Nanchang	跟, 幫
Hakka	Meixian	同, 代
Jin	Taiyuan	替, 給
Northern Min	Jian'ou	替, 幫
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	替, 共
Southern Min	Xiamen	替, 共
	Quanzhou	共
	Zhangzhou	共
	Tainan	替, 共
	Singapore (Hokkien)	替, 共
	Chaozhou	代, 個
	Jieyang	個
Wu	Shanghai	幫, 搭
	Suzhou	替, 搭
	Wenzhou	代
Xiang	Changsha	幫, 跟, 代
Xiang	Shuangfeng	幫

(used in imperative sentences for emphasis):

Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“(used in imperative sentences for emphasis)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		給
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	給
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	給
Cantonese	Hong Kong	同
Southern Min	Tainan	共
Southern Min	Jieyang	個
Wu	Shanghai	幫, 交

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (同):

→ Japanese: 同(どう) (dō)
→ Korean: 동(同) (dong)
→ Vietnamese: đồng (同Category:Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes#同)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 同Category:Chinese links with redundant wikilinks#同 Category:Chinese links with redundant alt parameters#同 – see 衕 (“passageway; lane; alley; diarrhoea”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 衕).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.