ci

Languages (36)
English
Aka (Central Africa) • Balinese • Bambara • Corsican • Dalmatian • Dhimal • Esperanto • French • Hausa • Ido • Indonesian • Interlingua • Italian • Kangjia • Kanuri • Latgalian • Latin • Malay • Mandarin • Noone • Nupe • Old French • Old Irish • Polish • Romanian • Sicilian • Sundanese • Tarantino • Tedim Chin • Venetan • Walloon • Welsh • White Hmong • Yao (Africa) • Zhuang
Page categories

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

Borrowed from MandarinCategory:English terms borrowed from Mandarin#CICategory:English terms derived from Mandarin#CI 詞／词 (cí).

Noun

ci (uncountable)Category:English lemmas#CICategory:English nouns#CICategory:English uncountable nouns#CICategory:English uncountable nouns#CICategory:English entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. One of the Classical Chinese poetry forms

Anagrams

Aka (Central Africa)

Noun

ciCategory:Aka (Central Africa) lemmas#CICategory:Aka (Central Africa) nouns#CICategory:Aka (Central Africa) entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. water

Further reading

  • Marvin Lionel Bender, Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics (1989) (cí, cì)
  • (ɕi)

Balinese

Etymology

From cai (“you”).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ci (Balinese script ᬘᬶ)Category:Balinese lemmas#CICategory:Balinese pronouns#CICategory:Balinese entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. (medya) you
    Synonyms: (kasar) ragan, (halus) iratu

Further reading

  • “ci”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Bambara

Etymology 1

Noun

cíCategory:Bambara lemmas#CICategory:Bambara nouns#CICategory:Bambara entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. thatch, especially of the species Diheteropogon grandiflorusCategory:Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)#Diheteropogon%20grandiflorusCategory:bm:Building materials#CICategory:bm:Roofing#CI

Etymology 2

Noun

cíCategory:Bambara lemmas#CICategory:Bambara nouns#CICategory:Bambara entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. commission, errand
  2. message, order
  3. mission, task, assignment
    Ò cí bɛ́ í kàn.
    It is your duty.
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI
  4. work, labor (especially agricultural)
    cí kɛ́
    to work in the fields
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI
  5. usefulness, utility
    Cí tɛ́ nìn ná.
    That's useless.
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI

Verb

cíCategory:Bambara lemmas#CICategory:Bambara verbs#CICategory:Bambara entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. to send, charge with a mission
    sɛ́bɛn cí mɔ̀gɔ mà
    to send a letter to someone
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI

Etymology 3

Verb

cìCategory:Bambara lemmas#CICategory:Bambara verbs#CICategory:Bambara entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. to hit
    Fíyɛn bɛ́ cì.
    The wind is blowing.
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI
  2. to break
    À y'á kùn cì.
    He knocked him unconscious.
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI
  3. to destroy
  4. to split, divide, cut
  5. to burst, explode with a loud noise
    màrifa cì
    to fire off a round (with a gun)
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI
  6. to trace, tattoo
    bála cì
    to plot an area of a field to be hoed
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI
    tùgu cì
    to vaccinate in the arm
    Category:Bambara terms with usage examples#CI

Noun

cìCategory:Bambara lemmas#CICategory:Bambara nouns#CICategory:Bambara entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. line, stroke
  2. tattoo
Category:bm:Work#CI

Corsican

Etymology

Ultimately from either LatinCategory:Corsican terms derived from Latin#CI hīc (“here”) or hinc (“from here”). Akin to Italian ci; see there for more. Compare Sicilian cci.

Adverb

ciCategory:Corsican lemmas#CICategory:Corsican adverbs#CICategory:Corsican entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. there

Pronoun

ciCategory:Corsican lemmas#CICategory:Corsican pronouns#CICategory:Corsican personal pronouns#CICategory:Corsican entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. us (both direct and indirect object)

See also

Corsican personal pronouns
nominative dative accusative disjunctive
singular 1st person eiu mi mè
2nd person tù ti tè
3rd person m ellu li u, l' ellu
f ella a, l' ella
plural 1st person noi ci noi
2nd person voi vi voi
3rd person m elli li i, l' elli
f elle e, l' elle

References

Dalmatian

Etymology

From LatinCategory:Dalmatian terms inherited from Latin#CICategory:Dalmatian terms derived from Latin#CI quem. Compare Portuguese quem, Romanian cine, Spanish quien, Romansh che, Sardinian chíne.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ciCategory:Dalmatian lemmas#CICategory:Dalmatian pronouns#CICategory:Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. who

Dhimal

Noun

ciCategory:Dhimal lemmas#CICategory:Dhimal nouns#CICategory:Dhimal terms in nonstandard scripts#CICategory:Dhimal entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. water

Further reading

  • John T. King, A Grammar of Dhimal

Esperanto

Etymology

From ItalianCategory:Esperanto terms derived from Italian#CI or FrenchCategory:Esperanto terms derived from French#CI tu, RussianCategory:Esperanto terms derived from Russian#CI ты (ty), etc., plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ci (accusative cin, possessive cia)Category:Esperanto lemmas#CICategory:Esperanto pronouns#CICategory:Esperanto entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. (rareCategory:Esperanto terms with rare senses#CI) thou, you (second-person informal singular pronoun)

Usage notes

Some people believe that this word was used in the past and then became archaic, but this is not true. Actually, this word has never been in common usage; as written by Zamenhof as early as 1888, when the Dua Libro de l' Lingvo Internacia, was published. Many Esperantists do not even understand it. Some authors have used ci to portray archaic language, for translations, and for stylistic effects. This usage is criticized by other writers.

  • Ludwig L. Zamenhof, Dua Libro de l' Lingvo Internacia; Ludwig L. Zamenhof, Lingvaj Respondoj; Bertilo Wennergren, Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (PMEG); Bernard Golden, La Gazeto #11, June 15, 1987; Zlatko Tisjlar, Frekvencmorfemaro de Parolata Esperanto.

See also

Esperanto personal pronouns
singular plural
nominative accusative possessive nominative accusative possessive
first person  mi  min  mia  ni  nin  nia
second
person		 formal  vi  vin  via  vi  vin  via
familiar1  ci  cin  cia
third
person		 masculine  li  lin  lia
feminine  ŝi  ŝin  ŝia
neuter  ĝi  ĝin  ĝia
gender-neutral2  ri
ŝli		  rin
ŝlin		  ria
ŝlia
reflexive  si  sin  sia  si  sin  sia
indefinite  oni  onin  onia  oni  onin  onia

1 Rare.

2 Not widely used.

Further reading

Category:Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro#CICategory:Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto#CI

French

Etymology

Inherited from Late LatinCategory:French terms inherited from Late Latin#CICategory:French terms derived from Late Latin#CI ecce hīc.

Pronunciation

Adverb

ciCategory:French lemmas#CICategory:French adverbs#CICategory:French entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. (in compounds, else archaicCategory:French terms with archaic senses#CI) alternative form of ici (“here”)
  2. (after a noun) see -ci

Derived terms

References

Category:French contractions#CI

Hausa

Etymology

From Proto-ChadicCategory:Hausa terms derived from Proto-Chadic#CI, ultimately from Proto-AfroasiaticCategory:Hausa terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic#CI *taʔ- (“to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely”). Compare Akkadian 𒋫𒀪𒌑 (ta-ʾu-u₂ /⁠taʾu⁠/, “to eat”), Mehri tewō (“eat”), Arabic تَأْتَأَ (taʔtaʔa, “to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips”), and with varying Berber forms Tamahaq ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Tarifit ⵜⵜ (tǝtt)Category:Tarifit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations#CI, Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⵛ (tc), and Kabyle teṭṭ (pharyngeal-coloring found as well in the Arabic variant تَعْتَعَ (taʕtaʕa), and in that sense possible further connections to طَعِمَ (ṭaʕima, “to taste”) and عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa, “to bite”)).

Pronunciation

Verb

ci (grade Ø)Category:Hausa lemmas#CICategory:Hausa verbs#CICategory:Hausa entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. to eat, to eat soft things

Ido

Pronunciation

Determiner

ciCategory:Ido non-lemma forms#CICategory:Ido determiner forms#CICategory:Ido entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. alternative form of ici (“these”)

Pronoun

ciCategory:Ido non-lemma forms#CICategory:Ido pronoun forms#CICategory:Ido entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. alternative form of ici (“these”)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Xiamen HokkienCategory:Indonesian terms borrowed from Xiamen Hokkien#CICategory:Indonesian terms derived from Xiamen Hokkien#CI 錢／钱 (chîⁿ, “mace”).

Noun

ci (plural ci-ci)Category:Indonesian lemmas#CICategory:Indonesian nouns#CICategory:Indonesian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. (obsoleteCategory:Indonesian terms with obsolete senses#CI) weight unit 1/10 tahil (for opium)

Etymology 2

From SundaneseCategory:Indonesian terms borrowed from Sundanese#CICategory:Indonesian terms derived from Sundanese#CI ci, perhaps derived from Proto-Malayo-PolynesianCategory:Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian#CI *wahiʀ.

Noun

ci (countable and uncountable, plural ci-ci)Category:Indonesian lemmas#CICategory:Indonesian nouns#CICategory:Indonesian countable nouns#CICategory:Indonesian uncountable nouns#CICategory:Indonesian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. river (large stream which drains a landmass), specifically, those located in Banten, West Java, and far-western Central Java
    Synonyms: sungai, kali

Etymology 3

Noun

ci (plural ci-ci)Category:Indonesian lemmas#CICategory:Indonesian nouns#CICategory:Indonesian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. alternative form of encik
  2. alternative form of taci (“elder sister”)

Further reading

Category:Indonesian heteronyms#CI

Interlingua

Pronunciation

Adverb

ciCategory:Interlingua lemmas#CICategory:Interlingua adverbs#CICategory:Interlingua entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. here (at this place)

Italian

Etymology 1

From LatinCategory:Italian terms derived from Latin#CI cē (the name of the letter C).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

ci f (invariable)Category:Italian lemmas#CICategory:Italian nouns#CICategory:Italian countable nouns#CICategory:Italian indeclinable nouns#CICategory:Italian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Italian feminine nouns#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. The name of the Latin script letter C/c.Category:it:Latin letter names#CI; cee
See also

References

  1. ↑ ci in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Further reading

  • ci2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

UncertainCategory:Italian terms with unknown etymologies#CI. Rohlfs[1] and Von Wartburg[2] favoured/favored Late Latin ecce hīc. Maiden[3] casts doubt on this etymology, pointing out that Italian ci is an unstressed 'weak' form, while Latin hic otherwise survives in Italian only in stressed forms (reinforced by Latin ecce or eccum) such as ciò, qua, and qui. (It should also be noted that all of the latter trigger syntactic doubling in a following word, thanks to their original final /k/, while ci does not.)[4] Maiden proposes instead an origin in Latin hince, variant of hinc (“hence, from here”), pointing out that in parts of southern Italy there exists a 1PL pronoun 'nci (cf. also 'nce). Treccani,[5] on the other hand, proposes an origin in Latin hīce, a variant of hīc (“here”). In any case, the Italian term is certainly cognate with Neapolitan ce, Sicilian cci and Sassarese zi, all three of which share similar adverbial senses, with the latter two also having pronominal senses.

Alternative forms

  • -ci (enclitic)
  • ce (before a third person direct object clitic)

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ciCategory:Italian lemmas#CICategory:Italian pronouns#CICategory:Italian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. us
    Loro ci conoscono ― They know usCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
  2. (reflexive pronounCategory:Italian reflexive pronouns#CI) ourselves; each other
    Ci arrabbiamo ― We (ourselves) get angryCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    Ci amiamo ― We love each otherCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
  3. to us
    Lui ci ha detto questo ― He said this to usCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
  4. replaces the indefinite personal pronoun si (“one”) before reflexive si (“oneself”); one
    Ci si lava. ― One washes oneself.Category:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    Ci si annoia quando non c'è niente da fare.
    One gets bored when there is nothing to do.
    Category:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
  5. it, to it
    Non ci credo. ― I do not believe it.Category:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
Usage notes
  • Becomes ce when followed by a third person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
See also
Italian personal pronouns
singular plural
first second second formal / polite5 third first second second formal / polite5 third
m or f m f m or f m f
nominative io tu Lei, Ella8 lui, egli8, ello8, elli3, 8, esso8 lei, ella8, essa8 noi voi, Voi7 Loro loro
elli3, 8, ellino4, 8, eglino4, 8, essi8 elle3, 8, elleno4, 8, esse8
atonic (clitic)11 accusative / dative-reflexive mi, m', -mi, me9 ti, t', -ti, te9 ― si6, s', -si, se9 ci, c', -ci, ce9 vi, Vi7, v', V'7, -vi, -Vi7, ve9 ― si, s', -si, se9
accusative La, -La, L' lo, l', -lo, il4 la, l', -la Le, -Le li, -li le, -le
dative Le, -Le glie9 Loro10 loro10, gli2, -gli2, glie9
gli, -gli le, -le, gli2, -gli2
locative ― ci, c',
vi1, v'1		 ― ci, c',
vi1, v'1
partitive ne, n' ne, n'
tonic12 prepositional-reflexive ― sé ― sé
oblique me te Lei lui, esso8 lei, essa8 noi voi, Voi7 Loro loro,
essi8 elle8, esse8
1Formal.
2Informal.
3Archaic.
4Obsolete.
5Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal or polite way of addressing someone (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
6Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
7Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).
8Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli (animate), ello / ella (animate), esso / essa and their plurals as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns; outside of very formal or archaizing contexts, all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui, lei, loro.
9Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
10Used after verbs.
11Unstressed forms, stand alone forms are found proclitically (except dative loro / Loro), others enclitically (-mi, -ti, etc.).
12Disjunctive, emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs, in exclamations, along prepositions (prepositional) and some adverbs (come, quanto, etc.); also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms.

Adverb

ciCategory:Italian lemmas#CICategory:Italian adverbs#CICategory:Italian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. to there, here, there
    Synonym: vi (formal)
    Ci sono andato ― I have been thereCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    Ci siamo ― We're hereCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    Ci sono molte cose ― There are many thingsCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    C'è un problema ― There is a problemCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
  2. forms part of many verbs:
    volerci ― to require/takeCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    abituarcisi ― to get used to itCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    riuscirci ― to be able to do itCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    entrarci ― to have to do with somethingCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    contarci ― to count on itCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    pensarci ― to think about itCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    starci ― to agree / to be up for somethingCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    farcela ― to manage to do somethingCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
    crederci ― to believe itCategory:Italian terms with usage examples#CI
See also

References

  1. ↑ Rohlfs, Gerhard. 1969. Grammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei suoi dialetti, vol. 3: Sintassi e formazione delle parole. Torino: Einaudi. §899.
  2. ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “hīc”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 4: G H I, page 425
  3. ↑ Maiden, Martin. 1995. A linguistic history of Italian. London: Longman. §9.1.1.
  4. 1 2 ci in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
  5. ↑ ci1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Noun

ci m (uncountable)Category:Italian lemmas#CICategory:Italian nouns#CICategory:Italian uncountable nouns#CICategory:Italian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Italian masculine nouns#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. the Twi language family

Further reading

  • ci3 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Category:it:Languages#CI

Kangjia

Etymology

From Proto-MongolicCategory:Kangjia terms inherited from Proto-Mongolic#CICategory:Kangjia terms derived from Proto-Mongolic#CI *či; compare Mongolian чи (či), Dongxiang chi.

Pronoun

ciCategory:Kangjia lemmas#CICategory:Kangjia pronouns#CICategory:Kangjia entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. you

Kanuri

Noun

ciCategory:Kanuri lemmas#CICategory:Kanuri nouns#CICategory:Kanuri entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. mouth
Category:kr:Anatomy#CI

Latgalian

Etymology

Borrowed from BelarusianCategory:Latgalian terms borrowed from Belarusian#CICategory:Latgalian terms derived from Belarusian#CI ці (ci).

Pronunciation

Particle

ciCategory:Latgalian lemmas#CICategory:Latgalian particles#CICategory:Latgalian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. Used to form polar questions.

Synonyms

References

  • A. Andronov; L. Leikuma (2008), Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN, page 13

Latin

Verb

cīCategory:Latin non-lemma forms#CICategory:Latin verb forms#CICategory:Latin entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. second-person singular present active imperative of ciō

Malay

ci

Etymology

From SundaneseCategory:Malay terms derived from Sundanese#CI ᮎᮤ (ci)Category:Sundanese terms with redundant transliterations#CICategory:Malay undefined derivations#CI.

Pronunciation

Noun

ci (Jawi spelling چي, plural ci-ci or ci2)Category:Malay lemmas#CICategory:Malay nouns#CICategory:Malay entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. river (large stream which drains a landmass)

Synonyms

Further reading

  • "ci" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
Category:ms:Liquids#CI

Mandarin

Romanization

ciCategory:Hanyu Pinyin#CI0Category:Mandarin non-lemma forms#CI0Category:Mandarin terms with redundant script codes#CI0Category:Mandarin entries with incorrect language header#CI0Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. nonstandard spelling of cīCategory:Mandarin nonstandard forms#CI0
  2. nonstandard spelling of cíCategory:Mandarin nonstandard forms#CI0
  3. nonstandard spelling of cǐCategory:Mandarin nonstandard forms#CI0
  4. nonstandard spelling of cìCategory:Mandarin nonstandard forms#CI0

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Noone

Verb

ciCategory:Noone lemmas#CICategory:Noone verbs#CICategory:Noone entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. strike

Synonyms

References

Nupe

Pronunciation

Conjunction

ciCategory:Nupe lemmas#CICategory:Nupe conjunctions#CICategory:Nupe entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. Used to order actions temporally: then; and
    Musa à bá nakàn yínna, Gàná ci à gí eci yínna ― Musa will cut meat today, and Gana will eat yam todayCategory:Nupe terms with usage examples#CI

Usage notes

  • ci is solely used to join verbs/sentences and not nouns, for which tò is used. Additionally, when ci is used, the subject of each verb must be specified.

See also

Old French

Etymology

From Late LatinCategory:Old French terms inherited from Late Latin#CICategory:Old French terms derived from Late Latin#CI ecce hīc.

Adverb

ciCategory:Old French lemmas#CICategory:Old French adverbs#CICategory:Old French entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. here (in this place)

Descendants

Old Irish

Pronoun

ciCategory:Old Irish lemmas#CICategory:Old Irish pronouns#CICategory:Old Irish entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. alternative form of cía

Conjunction

ciCategory:Old Irish lemmas#CICategory:Old Irish conjunctions#CICategory:Old Irish entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. alternative form of cía

Polish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-SlavicCategory:Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic#CICategory:Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic#CI *ti.

Pronoun

ciCategory:Polish non-lemma forms#CICategory:Polish pronoun forms#CICategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. short dative singular of tyCategory:Polish short adjective forms#CI.

Etymology 3

Pronoun

ci mCategory:Polish non-lemma forms#CICategory:Polish pronoun forms#CICategory:Polish entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. virile nominative plural of ten

Romanian

Etymology

From ce.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

ciCategory:Romanian lemmas#CICategory:Romanian conjunctions#CICategory:Romanian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. (adversative) but; so that; on the contrary, opposite
    Nici eu, ci el. ― Not I, but he.Category:Romanian terms with usage examples#CI

See also

Sicilian

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Akin to Italian ci; see there for more.

Adverb

ciCategory:Sicilian lemmas#CICategory:Sicilian adverbs#CICategory:Sicilian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. here, there

Etymology 2

Pronoun

ciCategory:Sicilian lemmas#CICategory:Sicilian pronouns#CICategory:Sicilian entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. dative of iddu (“he”); to him
  2. dative of idda (“she”); to her
  3. dative of iddi (“they”); to them
Usage notes
  • Unlike in Italian, the Sicilian pronoun ci is not used for the first-person plural ('us'). The Sicilian equivalent is ni.
Inflection
3rd person m f pl
nominative iddu idda iddi
prepositional iddu idda iddi
accusative lu la li
dative ci ci ci
reflexive si si si

Category:Requests for attention concerning Sicilian#CI

Sundanese

Etymology

From cai.

Noun

ci (Sundanese script ᮎᮤ)Category:Sundanese lemmas#CICategory:Sundanese nouns#CICategory:Sundanese entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. water
  2. river

Usage notes

  • Commonly used for making compound words (e.g. kinds of water, names of rivers, settlements, etc.)

Derived terms

Further reading

Tarantino

Etymology

Palatalization of an earlier *chi (/ki/), from the same continuum of SicilianCategory:Tarantino terms derived from Sicilian#CI cui~cu'. Cognate with Italian chi.

Pronoun

ci (relative)Category:Tarantino lemmas#CICategory:Tarantino pronouns#CICategory:Tarantino entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. who

Tedim Chin

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-ChinCategory:Tedim Chin terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin#CICategory:Tedim Chin terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin#CI *tsii, from Proto-Sino-TibetanCategory:Tedim Chin terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#CICategory:Tedim Chin terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan#CI *m-tsji.

Noun

ciCategory:Tedim Chin lemmas#CICategory:Tedim Chin nouns#CICategory:Tedim Chin entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. salt

References

  • Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip

Venetan

Etymology

From LatinCategory:Venetan terms inherited from Latin#CICategory:Venetan terms derived from Latin#CI quis (compare Italian chi).

Pronoun

ciCategory:Venetan lemmas#CICategory:Venetan pronouns#CICategory:Venetan entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI (interrogative)

  1. who?

Usage notes

  • Redoubled for reinforcement.
    Ci èlo ci?
    Who on earth is he?

Walloon

Etymology

From Old FrenchCategory:Walloon terms inherited from Old French#CICategory:Walloon terms derived from Old French#CI cist, from LatinCategory:Walloon terms inherited from Latin#CICategory:Walloon terms derived from Latin#CI ecce istum (< iste).

Pronunciation

Determiner

ci (after an open syllabe : ç', feminine : cisse, masculine form before vowel : cist, feminine form before vowel : ciste, plural : ces)Category:Walloon lemmas#CICategory:Walloon determiners#CICategory:Walloon entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. this
    C' est ç' rotch-ci
    It's this rock
    Category:Walloon terms with usage examples#CI

Pronoun

ci (before a vowel : c', alternative form : çou)Category:Walloon lemmas#CICategory:Walloon pronouns#CICategory:Walloon entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

  1. it, this

Welsh

ci

Etymology

    Category:Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic#CICategory:Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱwṓ#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh#CICategory:Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#CICategory:Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#CICategory:Pages with inline etymon for redlinks#CICategory:Pages using etymon with no ID#CI

    From Middle WelshCategory:Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh#CI ci, from Proto-BrythonicCategory:Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic#CI *ki, from Proto-CelticCategory:Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic#CI *kū, from Proto-Indo-EuropeanCategory:Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European#CICategory:Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European#CI *ḱwṓ.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    ci m (plural cŵn)Category:Welsh lemmas#CICategory:Welsh nouns#CICategory:Welsh countable nouns#CICategory:Welsh entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Welsh masculine nouns#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. dog

    Coordinate terms

    • gast (“bitch (all senses)”)

    Derived terms

    Mutation

    Mutated forms of ci
    radical soft nasal aspirate
    ci gi nghi chi

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    Further reading

    • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “ci”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
    • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “ci”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
    Category:cy:Dogs#CI

    White Hmong

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    ciCategory:White Hmong lemmas#CICategory:White Hmong verbs#CICategory:White Hmong entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. to cook, to roast, to toast
    2. to glow, to shine

    Yao (Africa)

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Cognate with Chichewa -chi- (“adjectival particle”).

    Particle

    ciCategory:Yao (Africa) lemmas#CICategory:Yao (Africa) particles#CICategory:Yao (Africa) entries with incorrect language header#CICategory:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. particle for creating adjectives, meaning "the kind of, the sort of"

    Usage notes

    This particle is used with nouns denoting tribes or places.

    Derived terms

    References

    • Rev. Alexander Hetherwick, M.A., F.R.G.S. (1889), Introductory Handbook of the Yao Language‎, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 97

    Zhuang

    Pronunciation

    Etymology 1

    From ChineseCategory:Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese#CI1Category:Zhuang terms derived from Chinese#CI1 車 (MC tsyhae).

    Noun

    ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)Category:Zhuang lemmas#CI1Category:Zhuang nouns#CI1Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form#CI1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#CI1Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. vehicle

    Classifier

    ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)Category:Zhuang lemmas#CI1Category:Zhuang classifiers#CI1Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form#CI1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#CI1Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. carload of; cartload of; truckload of

    Verb

    ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)Category:Zhuang lemmas#CI1Category:Zhuang verbs#CI1Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form#CI1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#CI1Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. to sew with a sewing machine
    2. to machine on a lathe

    Etymology 2

    From ChineseCategory:Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese#CI1Category:Zhuang terms derived from Chinese#CI1 吹 (MC tsyhwe).

    Verb

    ci (Sawndip form 𫩝, 1957–1982 spelling ci)Category:Zhuang lemmas#CI1Category:Zhuang verbs#CI1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#CI1Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. (intransitiveCategory:Zhuang intransitive verbs#CI1, of wind) to blow
      Synonyms: (dialectal) baed, (dialectal) daet, (dialectal) boq, (dialectal) coi
    2. (transitiveCategory:Zhuang transitive verbs#CI1) to blow
      Synonym: (dialectal) baed
    3. (transitiveCategory:Zhuang transitive verbs#CI1) to play (a wind instrument)
    4. (transitiveCategory:Zhuang transitive verbs#CI1) to pump (a bellows)
      Synonyms: (dialectal) daz, (dialectal) boz

    Etymology 3

    From ChineseCategory:Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese#CI1Category:Zhuang terms derived from Chinese#CI1 催 (MC tshwoj).

    Verb

    ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)Category:Zhuang lemmas#CI1Category:Zhuang verbs#CI1Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form#CI1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#CI1Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. to urge
      Synonyms: (dialectal) cui, (dialectal) dok

    Etymology 4

    From ChineseCategory:Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese#CI1Category:Zhuang terms derived from Chinese#CI1 支 (MC tsye).

    Classifier

    ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)Category:Zhuang lemmas#CI1Category:Zhuang classifiers#CI1Category:Zhuang terms without Sawndip form#CI1Category:Zhuang entries with incorrect language header#CI1Category:Pages with entries#CICategory:Pages with 36 entries#CI

    1. Used for stick-like objects.
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